Komentarz do Pea 3:3
הַמַּחֲלִיק בְּצָלִים לַחִים לַשּׁוּק וּמְקַיֵּם יְבֵשִׁים לַגֹּרֶן, נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה לָאֵלּוּ לְעַצְמָן וְלָאֵלּוּ לְעַצְמָן. וְכֵן בַּאֲפוּנִין, וְכֵן בַּכֶּרֶם. הַמֵּדֵל, נוֹתֵן מִן הַמְשֹׁאָר עַל מַה שֶּׁשִּׁיֵּר. וְהַמַּחֲלִיק מֵאַחַת יַד, נוֹתֵן מִן הַמְשֹׁאָר עַל הַכֹּל:
Kto wyrywa wilgotną cebulę [do zabrania] na rynek, a suchą zostawia do spichlerza, osobno daje Peah za obie. I tak to jest dla fasoli, a więc dla winnicy. Ten, kto rozrzedza [pole], daje za resztę z resztek, a ten, kto wyrywa z jednego określonego obszaru, daje z resztki za całość.
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
המחליק בצלים – there are those who interpret the language [in Biblical terms] (Genesis 27:11): “[Jacob answered his mother Rebekah, ‘But my brother Esau is a hairy man] and I am smooth-skinned,’” for when they were detached/plucked, the place remained smooth/empty. And there are those who interpret it as when he levels [a field by taking out crops], when he takes part of the moist/fresh onions to sell them in the market place and another part he leaves the dry ones for the granary for storage.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
Introduction
This mishnah continues to deal with a person who harvests part of his field and with the question of whether he can give one peah for the entire field or peah separately for each part that he has harvested.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
נותן פאה לאלו לעצמן – they are like two different kinds of wheat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
One who clears [his field] of fresh onions for the market and leaves the dry ones [in the ground] for the [time of the] threshing floor, must give peah from these on their own and these on their own. This section describes someone who has a field of onions. He harvests some of them in order to bring them fresh to the market and the rest he leaves in the ground in order to harvest them later when they are dry. Since some are sold fresh and some are sold dry they are considered to be two different types of onions and he must give peah separately for each type.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
וכן בכרם – and similarly one who clears the vineyard, its law is like one who clears out the onions.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
The same applies to beans and to a vineyard. The same thing is true for beans and for grapes grown in the vineyard. If he harvests fresh beans to sell in the market and leaves dry beans in the field, he must give peah for each on its own. So too if he harvests grapes to sell in the market and leaves the rest in the field to be used to make wine or raisins, he gives peah for each on its own.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
המדל נותן מן המשוייר על מה ששייר – at the time that the onions are sown close together, he takes from one from among them in order that the remainder will grow with open space and become large. That is what is called to thin out the vineyard by lifting up and loosening them from their place and our Mishnah (Tractate Shevi’it, Chapter 4, Mishnah 4) teaches: “Who is one who levels his field? He takes one and leaves two,” and those which he uproots to give space to the rest are not liable for Peah because it is for the repair of the remainder, therefore, he gives Peah from the remainder alone and what has been uprooted is exempt from anything and it is not considered reaping.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
If he, however, he only thins it out, then he gives [peah] from the remainder according to the quantity of that which he left. If he thins out some clusters of grapes to make room for more to grow, then this is not considered to be harvesting. He does not have to give peah at all from clusters that he thins out, because he didn’t harvest them for their own sake, only for the sake of those that he left in the vineyard. He will only give peah from the grapes that he left hanging on the vine.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
המחליק מאחת יד – that is to say, from one matter, or all of it for the granary or all of it to the market. And Maimonides explains “with a unity of hand” (i.e., all of them for one purpose), that the part which he takes to sell in the marketplace he does take from here and there, but all of it is from one side.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
But if he clears [three from one place] at one time, he gives from the remainder according to the entire quantity. In this case he clears out three clusters of grapes at one time from one place. Since he cut down a significant quantity from one place at one time, these grapes count towards the amount from which he will have to give peah.
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