Ofiarę dziękczynną przyniesiono z pięciu se'im [określonej jednostki objętości] mąki z miary jerozolimskiej, czyli sześciu se'im z miary pustyni. [To było równoważne] dwóm eifot [jednostce objętości, każda] eifah to trzy se'im [a dwa eifot równa się także] dwadzieścia issaron , z których dziesięć dotyczy chleba kwaszonego, a dziesięciu przaśników. Dziesięć dla zakwasu [oznaczało, że] każdy bochenek [był zrobiony] z całego issaronu [mąki]. Dziesiątka na przaśny chleb - aw przaśnym [były] trzy rodzaje: bochenki, opłatki i smażone na głębokim tłuszczu pierogi - dlatego na każdą odmianę przypadały trzy i trzeci issaron , po trzy bochenki na każdy issaron . W miarach jerozolimskich było to trzydzieści kav [szczególna jednostka objętości], piętnaście dla zakwasów i piętnaście dla przaśnych. Piętnaście dla zakwasu [oznaczało, że] każdy bochenek [był zrobiony z] półtora kav . Piętnaście na przaśny chleb - aw przaśnym [były] trzy odmiany: bochenki, wafle i smażone na głębokim tłuszczu knedle - dlatego było pięć kav na każdą odmianę, po dwa bochenki na każdy kav .
Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
התודה חמש סאין ירושלמיות שהן שש מדבריות – five Seah of Jerusalem [measure] which are six from those that were in the wilderness during the days of Moses. That they added a sixth on the measure that was in the days of Moses. For we hold that we add on the measurements but we don’t add more than one-sixth. But that one-sixth is one-sixth externally/from the outside.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
Introduction
This chapter deals with the rules regarding the loaves that accompany the thanksgiving offering, the “todah” (see Leviticus 7:12).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
שתי איפות – that is to say, these six Seah which are two Ephahs, which are twenty Issaron/tenths of an Ephah, for in each Ephah are ten Issarons/tenths.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
The todah required five Jerusalem seahs [of flour], which are six wilderness seahs; The amount of flour required for these loaves was five seahs measured with the Jerusalem measure of the seah, which is equivalent to six seahs as they were measured in the wilderness. What this means is that in Jerusalem the measures were 1/6 larger than they were in the wilderness.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
עשרה לחמץ – ten Issarons for ten unleavened loaves that are in the thanksgiving offering.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
This is the equivalent to two ephahs, for an ephah is three seahs, or to twenty tenths [of an ephah], ten for the leavened cakes and ten for the matzot. Six wilderness seahs are equivalent to two ephahs, which can be divided up into twenty tenths of an ephah. This comes out to twenty loaves each 1/10 of an ephah. Ten of these were leavened (chametz, see Leviticus 7:13) and ten were matzot (Leviticus 7:12).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
רבוכה – a paste made by stirring flour in hot water which is called רבוכה/pulp of flour mixed with hot water and oil (see Rashi) . But Maimonides (see the Laws of Maaseh HaKorbanot, Chapter 9, Halakha 19) explained that his pulp of flour mixed with hot water and oil has a lot of oil and it is roasted/parched in it, because there was oil in it corresponding to the loaves and the wafers.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
“Ten for the leavened cakes” one tenth for each cake; Each leavened cake was 1/10 of an ephah (aren’t you grateful for simple math?).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
נמצאו שלשה עשרונות ושליש לכל מין ומין – that is in the Matzah/unleavened bread.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
“And ten for the matzot” –there were three kinds of matzot: loaves, wafers, and soaked cakes, thus there were three and a third tenths of flour for each kind, three cakes to every tenth. Leviticus 7:12 lists three kinds of matzot: “unleavened cakes with oil mixed in, unleavened flours with oil, and cakes of choice flour with oil mixed in.” So if there were ten of each kind, each would have been 1/3 of a tenth of an ephah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
שלש חלות לעשרון – they would have ten loaves for three Esronot and a third.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
By Jerusalem measure they were thirty kavs, fifteen for the leavened cakes and fifteen for the matzot. The mishnah now provides the amounts according to the Jerusalem measure. In Jerusalem they didn’t count according to ephah and tenths of an ephah but rather according to kavs. A seah is six kav so five seahs are 30 kav.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
במדה ירושלמית – they did not have in them Esronot but rather Kabim, that these five Seah would be thirty Kabim. For the Seah is six Kabim. But in the Gemara (Tractate Menahot 77a) in a Baraita, it brings from an analogy that each and every species from the four kinds that are in the thanksgiving offering, and they stated, it is stated here (Leviticus 7:14): “Out of this he shall offer one of each kind as a gift to the LORD; [it shall go to the priest who dashes the blood of the offering of well-being],” and it is stated regarding the tenth of the tenth (Numbers 15:21): “You shall set aside a gift to the LORD from the first yield of your baking, [throughout the ages].” Just as there it is one out of ten, so even here it is one out of ten. And we learned that one kind is of leavened [flour] was ten Issarons corresponding to the three species of Matzah, from what is written (Leviticus 7:13): “This offering, with cakes of leavened bread added, [he shall offer along with his thanksgiving sacrifice of well-being],” the Torah stated corresponding to the leavened that comes the unleavened.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
“Fifteen for the leavened cakes”, one kav and a half for each cake. According to this account, there were fifteen kav for the leavened cakes, 1 ½ kav per cake.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
“And fifteen for the matzot” there were three kinds of matzot: loaves, wafers, and soaked cakes, thus there were five kavs for each kind, two cakes to every kav. When you do the account for the matzot, each kind gets five kav, divided by ten cakes, adds up to ½ a kav per cake.
