Komentarz do Machszirin 2:4
הַטּוֹרֵף אֶת גַּגּוֹ וְהַמְכַבֵּס אֶת כְּסוּתוֹ וְיָרְדוּ עֲלֵיהֶן גְּשָׁמִים, אִם רֹב מִן הַטָּמֵא, טָמֵא. וְאִם רֹב מִן הַטָּהוֹר, טָהוֹר. מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה, טָמֵא. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אִם הוֹסִיפוּ לְנַטֵּף:
[Jeśli] ktoś przylepi sobie dach lub wypierze swoje ubranie i spadnie na niego deszcz [ścieki używane do tych czynności]: [Jeśli] większość [mieszaniny] pochodzi z nieczystej [ścieków], jest ona nieczysta; a jeśli większość pochodzi z czystej [wody deszczowej], to jest czysta; [jeśli] jest w połowie i w połowie jest nieczysta. Rabin Yehudah mówi: Jeśli [objętość] kapania wzrosła.
Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
המטהר את גגו (if one scrubs his roof) – We have the reading "המטהר את גגו" /if one purifies his roof. But there are those who have the reading, "הטורף את גגו"/if one scrubs his roof, meaning that he plasters his roof with plaster or lime to even it out. And the water that one places upon it when one purifies it or when one merely plastered it, they pour it (i.e., the water) and they purify itr, and similarly the water that one washes with them his clothing.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
If one flattened out his roof or washed his garment and rain came down upon it: There are two situations in this mishnah. The first is that one is flattening out his roof and he pours out waste water at on the completed roof to smooth it out. The second is laundering a garment. In both of these cases the water being used is impure. This water is then mixed in with rain water and the question is whether the water is impure such that when it falls on food it would defile it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
וירדו עליהן גשמין – which are pure waters. And the roof or the clothing drips water.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
If the greater part consisted of the unclean water, it is unclean; If the greater part consisted of the clean water, it is clean; But if there was half of each, it is unclean. As in the previous cases, the status of the water follows the majority. If it is half and half, then we rule strictly and it is unclean.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
אם רוב מן הטהור טהור – as for example, if it would drip thin drops at the outset and afterwards it would drip thick drops, it is sure that the majority [of the water] is from the pure [water].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
Rabbi Judah says: if the dripping increased, [it is clean]. If the dripping from the roof or the laundered garment increased after the rain flow, then we can assume that the rain water was greater than the impure water from flattening the roof or laundering the garment. In this case, any water that subsequently comes from the roof or garment will be considered pure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
אם הוספיו לנטף – that the drops hurry to descend one after another more than at the outset, it is pure, for they certainly are the majority, and even if the drops themselves are larger from what they were at the beginning. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
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