R. Szimon rozróżnia majątek i majątek. Nieruchomość, która jest znana mężowi, nie może jej sprzedać; a jeśli ją sprzedała lub podarowała, jest nieważna. Majątek nieznany mężowi nie może sprzedać; a jeśli ją sprzedała lub podarowała, to stoi. [Niektórzy rozumieją „własność, która jest znana” jako ziemia, a „własność, która nie jest znana” jako ruchomość. Inni rozumieją oba te zjawiska jako „majątek znany”, a to, co spadło na nią za granicą, kiedy tu mieszkała, jako „majątek nieznany”. Halacha polega na tym, że zarówno majątek, który spadł na nią, zanim została zaręczona, jak i majątek, który spadł na nią po jej zaręczynach—jeśli sprzedała ją po ślubie, jej mąż może odebrać odbiorcy owoce za jej życia, a ziemię po jej śmierci. A halacha jest zgodna z R. Szimonem, który rozróżnia majątek znany mężowi od majątku nieznanego mężowi.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Ketubot
נכסים ידועים לבעל ונכסים שאינן ידועים – there are those who interpret “known property” from land, and that which is “not known [property]” as movable property and there are those who state that both (i.e., landed property and movable possessions) are known and these are the ones that are not known: all [the while] that she sits/dwells here and property fell/came to her abroad. And the Halakhic decision is that whether [we are speaking of] property that fell/came to her until she had become betrothed, or whether they fell/came to her from after she was betrothed, if she sold them after she got married, the husband removes [them] from the hand of the purchaser – the usufruct during her lifetime and the body of the land after her death. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Shimon who divides between property that is known to the husband to possessions which are not known.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Ketubot
Introduction
In this mishnah Rabbi Shimon disagrees with the opinion in the previous mishnah that states that under certain circumstances a woman cannot sell property, and that if she does, the sale is void. As we shall see, Rabbi Shimon qualifies that statement.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Ketubot
Rabbi Shimon distinguishes between one kind of property and another: Property that is known to the husband [the wife] may not sell, and if she has sold it or given it away her act is void; [Property] which is unknown to the husband she may not sell, but if she has sold it or given it away her act is legally valid. According to Rabbi Shimon, if the husband knew about the property that the woman had received, she may not sell the property and if she does, the sale is invalid. The reason for this is that if this was property she had received before the marriage, and her husband knew about it, he might claim that he married her because of that money. As much as this does not sound like a good reason to get married, it certainly was a common motivation in those days (and in ours as well) and is a valid complaint of the husband’s. However, if the husband did not know about the property and then she sold it, while she should not have done so, the sale is still valid. In this case, since he didn’t even know about the money, he can’t claim that he married her because of it.
