Mishnah
Mishnah

Talmud su Menahot 12:4

מִתְנַדֵּב אָדָם מִנְחָה שֶׁל שִׁשִּׁים עִשָּׂרוֹן, וּמֵבִיא בִכְלִי אֶחָד. אִם אָמַר הֲרֵי עָלַי שִׁשִּׁים וְאֶחָד, מֵבִיא שִׁשִּׁים בִּכְלִי אֶחָד וְאֶחָד בִּכְלִי אֶחָד, שֶׁכֵּן צִבּוּר מֵבִיא בְיוֹם טוֹב הָרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁל חַג שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּשַׁבָּת שִׁשִּׁים וְאֶחָד. דַּיּוֹ לַיָּחִיד שֶׁיְּהֵא פָחוֹת מִן הַצִּבּוּר אֶחָד. אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, וַהֲלֹא אֵלּוּ לַפָּרִים, וְאֵלּוּ לַכְּבָשִׂים, וְאֵינָם נִבְלָלִים זֶה עִם זֶה. אֶלָּא, עַד שִׁשִּׁים יְכוֹלִים לְהִבָּלֵל. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, שִׁשִּׁים נִבְלָלִים, שִׁשִּׁים וְאֶחָד אֵין נִבְלָלִים. אָמַר לָהֶן, כָּל מִדּוֹת חֲכָמִים כֵּן. בְּאַרְבָּעִים סְאָה הוּא טוֹבֵל, בְּאַרְבָּעִים סְאָה חָסֵר קֻרְטוֹב אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לִטְבֹּל בָּהֶן. אֵין מִתְנַדְּבִים לֹג, שְׁנַיִם, וַחֲמִשָּׁה, אֲבָל מִתְנַדְּבִים שְׁלשָׁה וְאַרְבָּעָה וְשִׁשָּׁה, וּמִשִּׁשָּׁה וּלְמָעְלָה:

Si può fare un'offerta di grano fino a 60 issaron e portarla in una nave. Se dicesse: "Porterò uno di 61 issaron ", potrebbe portare 60 in una nave e uno in un'altra nave: poiché la comunità porta 61 issaron il primo giorno di Sukkot che cade su Shabbat, è sufficiente che l'individuo dovrebbe essere inferiore di allora alla congregazione di uno. Rabbi Shimon dice: ma alcune di queste [offerte di cereali Sukkot] sono per i tori e altre per le pecore e non possono essere mescolate tra loro! Piuttosto, [la ragione della limitazione è che] fino a 60 anni, possono essere mescolati bene. Gli dissero: 60 possono essere mescolati ma 61 no? Disse loro: tutte le misure dei Saggi sono così: In quaranta se'ah [una specifica misura del volume del liquido] ci si immerge; in 40 se'ah meno un kortov [una misura di volume minuto] non si può immergere. Non si può giurare uno, due o cinque tronchi [di vino per le libagioni], ma si può giurare tre, quattro, sei o più di sei.

Jerusalem Talmud Yoma

Rebbi Abba bar Mamal objected: Does not a baraita disagree? “174Tosephta Menaḥot12:7. lf somebody says, I am taking on me the obligation to bring 100 esronim175The flour offerings in the Temple were all multiples of the issaron, one tenth of an ephah, or 3/10 of a seˋah, approximately 3.6 liter. in two vessels, he shall bring 50 in one vessel each. But if he brought 60176As quoted later in this paragraph, since flour offerings have to be brought mixed with oil, it is a rule (Mishnah Menaḥot12:4) that the maximum flour offering which can be brought in one vessel is 60 esronim. in one vessel and 40 in the other, he has fulfilled his obligation.” Somebody could say, I am taking on me the obligation to bring 100 esronim, simply, without specifying the number of vessels in which be brings them; why does he specify “to bring them in two vessels”? To bring them 50 in one vessel each/ And we have stated on this, if he brought 60 in one vessel and 40 in the other, he has fulfilled his obligation177This is the essence of R. Abba bar Mamal’s objection to Rebbi’s interpretation of the verse. Since even if it should be clear that the intent was to split evenly, it is not a strict condition, therefore Rebbi’s inference that the verse prescribes an even split between Aaron and his sons is not justified.! Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, since up to 60 they can be mixed178Mishnah Menaḥot12:4; Tosephta 12:8–9/, it is as if from the start he fixed it at 60. It would be necessary to say, “if somebody says, I am taking on me the obligation to bring 60 esronim in two vessels, he shall bring 30 in one vessel each. But if he brought 40 in one vessel and 20 in the other, he has fulfilled his obligation.179R. Abba bar Mamal’s objection could only be substantiated by a baraita which does not involve 60 esronim.” It was found stated thus180Therefore Rebbi’s argument has to be rejected..
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