אַלְמָנָה, בֵּין מִן הָאֵרוּסִין בֵּין מִן הַנִּשּׂוּאִין, מוֹכֶרֶת שֶׁלֹּא בְּבֵית דִּין. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, מִן הַנִּשּׂוּאִין, מוֹכֶרֶת שֶׁלֹּא בְּבֵית דִּין. מִן הָאֵרוּסִין, לֹא תִמְכֹּר אֶלָּא בְּבֵית דִּין, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵין לָהּ מְזוֹנוֹת, וְכָל שֶׁאֵין לָהּ מְזוֹנוֹת, לֹא תִמְכֹּר אֶלָּא בְּבֵית דִּין:
Una vedova, sia da fidanzamento [nel qual caso non viene nutrita (dalla proprietà dell'eredità) e vende la sua kethubah], sia dal matrimonio [nel qual caso vende (dalla proprietà dell'eredità) per l'alimentazione], vende non prima di beth-din. [Cioè, non prima di una folla di esperti. Ma in ogni caso, deve vendere prima di tre che sono esperte nella valutazione della terra.] R. Shimon dice: Dal matrimonio, [nel qual caso vende (proprietà) per il cibo], non vende prima di Bet-din, [ poiché non può sedersi e soffrire finché non trova un beth-din, ma] dal fidanzamento [dove la sua vendita è solo per (raccolta di) kethubah], vende solo prima del beth-din. [L'halachah non è conforme a R. Shimon.]
Tosefta Ketubot
A widow who claims her ketubah, but the inheritors [of her husband] say to her: "You received your ketubah [already]!"—until she is [re]married, they need to bring evidence that she received her ketubah; once she is [re]married, she needs to bring evidence that she did not receive her ketubah. If she sold her ketubah, used her ketubah as a pledge [for a loan that goes to the creditor in the meantime], used her ketubah as a security [on a loan but that remains with her]—she loses her financial support. Rabbi Shimon says: Even if she sold some [of her ketubah], even if she made some of it as a pledge or some of it as a deposit—she loses her financial support. One doesn't need to say [that this applies] after her husband's death, but even during her husband's lifetime [if she did these things to her ketubah, she would lose her right to financial support after his death]. But [her losing her financial support only applies if] she writes [in the contract dealing with her ketubah] "These I sold for my ketubah, these I sold for my financial support"—words of Rabbi Yehudah. Rabbi Yoseh says: [It applies only] if she sold and wrote without specification; that's why her legal power is stronger [that most of the time the inheritors have to bring the evidence].
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
