Commento su Zevahim 14:6
בָּאוּ לְשִׁילֹה, נֶאֶסְרוּ הַבָּמוֹת. לֹא הָיָה שָׁם תִּקְרָה, אֶלָּא בַיִת שֶׁל אֲבָנִים מִלְּמַטָּן וִירִיעוֹת מִלְמַעְלָן, וְהִיא הָיְתָה מְנוּחָה. קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים נֶאֱכָלִים לִפְנִים מִן הַקְּלָעִים, קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי, בְּכָל הָרוֹאֶה:
Quando arrivarono a Shiloh , a Bamot fu proibito. [Il Mishkan lì] non aveva un tetto [fisso], ma era una struttura di pietra [muri] sotto e tende sopra di loro. Era [considerato] "il luogo di riposo" (di Devarim 12: 9). Kodshai Kodashim veniva mangiato all'interno delle tende, [e] Kodashim Kalim e Ma'aser Sheni [la seconda decima dei prodotti che dovevano essere portati a Gerusalemme e consumati lì, venivano mangiati] ovunque in vista [di Shiloh].
Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
באו לשילה נאסרו הבמות – as it is written (Deuteronomy 12:9): “because you have not yet come to the allotted haven,” it follows that when they would come to the מנוחה/the haven,” the improvised altars would be prohibited. But this “haven” is Shiloh, where there was there a haven/rest, where they did not travel from one place to another like in the wilderness (i.e., during the forty-years of wandering).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
When they came to Shiloh, bamot were forbidden. When they came to Shiloh (see Joshua 18:1) the ark was put back into the Tabernacle (see I Samuel 3:3). At this point bamot were again forbidden because at Shiloh the Tabernacle was considered to be at “rest”, a reference to Deuteronomy 12:9, “Because you have not yet come to the resting place, to the inheritance, that the Lord your God is giving you.” “Resting place” is understood to be Shiloh because the Israelites came to Shiloh after fourteen years spent conquering the land of Israel. Once the Tabernacle came to rest in Shiloh, local altars, bamot, were prohibited.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
בית של אבנים מלמטה ויריעות מלמעלה – as it is written (I Samuel 1:24): “she (i.e., Hannah) brought him (i.e., Samuel) to the House of the LORD at Shiloh,” so we see that it was a “house”, and it is written (Psalm 78:60): “He forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, [the tent He had set among men,]” so we see that it was of curtains, teaching that there was no ceiling, but rather a house of stones from below and curtains from above.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
[The Tabernacle] there had no roof, but [consisted of] a base of stones with a ceiling of curtains, and that was the “resting place” [referred to in the Torah]. In the desert, the Tabernacle was made of wood. In Shiloh the Tabernacle was made of a base of stones and a roof of curtains.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
ומעשר שני בכל הרואה – but above, it (i.e., the Mishnah in Mishnayot 4-5 of this chapter) does not teach about the Second Tithe, because all fourteen years that they were in Gilgal, they (i.e., the Israelites) were not obligated in the tithes until they conquered and divided up [the land]. And [the words] בכל הרואה/within sight of [Shiloh] , that is in every place where they see Shiloh from there, as Scripture states (Deuteronomy 12:13): “Take care not to sacrifice your burnt offerings in any place you like” (in Hebrew – בכל – מקום אשר תראה ). In every place that you can see, you don’t bring them up, but you do eat [of them] in every place you can see.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Most holy sacrifices were eaten within the curtains, and less holy sacrifices and second tithe [were eaten] wherever [Shiloh] could be seen. As always, most holy sacrifices were eaten within the curtains of the Tabernacle. Less holy sacrifices and second tithe could now be eaten in any place that could see Shiloh. According to the Talmud’s account, the ark was in Shiloh for 369 years.
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