Un petzuah dakka è uno i cui testicoli sono stati feriti, anche uno di loro. E una k'ruth shafchah è una persona la cui membrana è tagliata. E se rimanesse anche un pelo della corona [Se fosse tagliato dalla corona verso il basso], sarebbe in forma, [il "membrana" essendo dalla corona verso l'alto verso il corpo. La corona (atarah) è la fila di carne che circonda il sito della circoncisione. Sia che la membrana sia ferita da una spada o da un coltello, sia che sia stata schiacciata e divenuta piccola da sola— se è stato tagliato nella membrana o nei testicoli o nelle corde testicolari —tutti questi lo rendono inadatto. E questo è solo quando l'uomo è la causa; ma se la malattia è la causa, tutto è kasher.] Un petzua dakka e una k'ruth shafchah sono autorizzati a un proselito e a una schiava liberata. E loro è proibito solo entrare nella congregazione, essendo scritto (Deuteronomio 23: 2): "Un petzua dakka e una k'ruth shafchah non devono entrare nella congregazione della L.".
Bartenura on Mishnah Yevamot
ואם נשתייר מהעטרה – that was severed from the corona and further, he is fit, for there is no membrum virile, and from the corona and above and to the side of the membrum. The corona is a column of flesh that surrounds in the place of one’s circumcision or whether the membrum is crushed, hidden by the striking of a sword or a knife; whether it was crushed and became reduced on its own or whether it was cut, whether at the membrum or at the testicles or whether at sinews of the testicles (see Talmud Yevamot 75b), all of them are disqualified. But these words refer to [being damaged] at the hands of a person, but on account of illness, everything is valid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
Introduction
This mishnah defines the terms petzua dakkah and kerut shofkhah mentioned in Deuteronomy 23:2. These two categories of men cannot marry full Israelite women.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
Who is considered a “petzua dakkah”? Anyone whose testes are wounded even one of them. A “petzua dakkah” is one who has even one of his testes wounded.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
And a “kerut shofkhah”? A man whose member is cut off. If [any part] of the corona remained, even so much as a hair’s breadth, the man is regarded as fit [to serve as a priest]. A “kerut shofkha” is one whose penis has been cut off. However, if any of the crown remains, he is still a valid priest.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
A man who testes are wounded, and one whose member is cut off, are permitted to marry a convert or a freed slave. They are only forbidden to enter into the congregation, as it is said “No one whose testes are crushed or whose member is cut off shall be admitted into the congregation of the Lord” (Deuteronomy 23:2). These two categories of men are permitted to marry converts and freed slaves, who according to this mishnah, are not considered to be part of “the congregation of the Lord”. Only those born as fit Israelites are considered to be part of “the congregation of the Lord”.
