Commento su Terumot 11:10
מַדְלִיקִין שֶׁמֶן שְׂרֵפָה בְּבָתֵּי כְנֵסִיּוֹת, וּבְבָתֵּי מִדְרָשׁוֹת, וּבַמְּבוֹאוֹת הָאֲפֵלִין, וְעַל גַּבֵּי הַחוֹלִין בִּרְשׁוּת כֹּהֵן. בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁנִּשֵּׂאת לְכֹהֵן, וְהִיא לְמוּדָה אֵצֶל אָבִיהָ, אָבִיהָ מַדְלִיק בִּרְשׁוּתָהּ. מַדְלִיקִין בְּבֵית הַמִּשְׁתֶּה, אֲבָל לֹא בְבֵית הָאֵבֶל, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה. וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, בְּבֵית הָאֵבֶל, אֲבָל לֹא בְבֵית הַמִּשְׁתֶּה. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹסֵר כָּאן וְכָאן. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מַתִּיר כָּאן וְכָאן:
Si può bruciare olio che deve essere bruciato [perché è contaminato Terumah ] in sinagoghe, case di studio, vicoli bui e per i malati con il permesso di un prete. La figlia di un israelita che è sposata con un prete e va regolarmente da suo padre's casa, suo padre potrebbe bruciare [tale olio] con il suo permesso. Si può bruciare [tale olio] nella casa della celebrazione ma non nella casa del lutto, le parole del rabbino Yehudah. Il rabbino Yosi dice: nella casa del lutto, ma non nella casa della celebrazione. Il rabbino Meir proibisce [entrambi] qui e qui. Il rabbino Shimon permette qui e qui.
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
שמן שריפה – the oil of heave-offering/Terumah that had become defiled. And why did they call it שמן שריפה/unclean oil that is kindled because it designated for burning.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Introduction
When terumah oil becomes impure it must be burnt. The priest may benefit from the burning of the oil, but a non-priest generally cannot, just as he cannot benefit from eating teruamh. Our mishnah teaches that in certain circumstances, anyone can benefit from the burning of the terumah oil.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ברשות כהן – that is when there is a Kohen there, for a candle for one is a candle for one-hundred.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
One may burn terumah oil that has to be burnt in synagogues, houses of study, dark alleys, and for sick people with permission of the priest. This section lists four situations in which one may burn terumah oil, as long as the priest who owns the terumah permits it. According to the Yerushalmi, the permission of the priest is only necessary for burning the oil for the sick. In the three cases of public need (the synagogue, the house of study and the dark alley) they may burn the oil even without permission from the priest.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
מדליק ברשותה – when she is there (visiting her father).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
If the daughter of an Israelite married to a priest regularly goes to her father's house, her father may burn [such oil] with her permission. The daughter of an Israelite who is married to a priest is allowed to eat and use terumah. Here the mishnah is lenient and allows her father, an Israelite, to burn terumah oil for her because she regularly comes to his house. Note that he can burn it even when she is not there, under the assumption that she might come by at any time.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
מדליקין בבית המשתה – for since they are standing in clean clothes, they are not accustomed to carry oil candles from their places, lest it should drip on their clothes, therefore, one cannot be concerned lest they would carry the candle from the place where the Kohen is there to a place where there is no Kohen, but in the House of a Mourner where they wear filthy clothing, we would be suspicious.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
One may also burn [such oil] in a house of celebration but not in a house of mourning, the words of Rabbi Judah. Rabbi Yose says: in the house of mourning, but not in a house of celebration. Rabbi Meir forbids it in both places. But Rabbi Shimon permits it in both places. There are now four different opinions as to whether it is permitted to burn terumah oil in a house of celebration (a wedding) or in a house of mourning. Every combination is represented in this mishnah, so we will just explain what grounds there are to permit burning in either situation. The reason that Rabbi Judah and Rabbi Shimon allow burning it in a house of celebration is that they wear clean clothes and they won’t come to touch the oil, which would be a problem because that oil would not be burned. The reason to prohibit is that because of their joy they may forget that it is terumah oil and they will come to use it. The reason that Rabbi Yose and Rabbi Shimon allow it in a house of mourning is that because one is sad, one won’t come to use the terumah oil. The reason to prohibit is that since their clothes are not necessarily clean, they will come to touch the oil. Congratulations! We have finished Terumot! It is a tradition at this point to thank God for helping us finish learning the tractate and to commit ourselves to going back and relearning it, so that we may not forget it and so that its lessons will stay with us for all of our lives. Tomorrow we begin Tractate Maasrot.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
בבית האבל אבל לא בבית המשתה – in the House of Mourning, because their hearts are broken and depressed, we don’t concern outsells, lest they take out the candle fromone place where there is no Kohen, but in the House of Rejoicing (i.e., a wedding feast), where they are happy, and in the midst of their happiness, they are accustomed to be engaged with and carrying candles from place to place, we would be concerned
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
אוסר כאן וכאן – for he grabs hold of both of their opinions stringently.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ור"ש מתיר כאן וכאן – for he grabs hold of both of their opinions leniently. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Shimon.
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