Rabbi Yose afferma: L'incertezza dei liquidi [impuri] per quanto riguarda [se sono entrati in contatto con] gli alimenti è impura [lo stato di purezza dei pani è incerta e quindi impura], e per quanto riguarda le navi è pura [cioè quando non è sicuro se i liquidi siano entrati in contatto con le navi, le navi sono pure]. Come mai? Se c'erano due caraffe [di acqua], una impura e l'altra pura, e qualcuno produceva pasta da [l'acqua di] una di esse, ed è incerto se lo ha fatto dall'impuro o dal puro , questo è il caso dell'incertezza dei liquidi [impuri], per quanto riguarda gli alimenti è impuro e per le navi è puro.
Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
ספק משקין אוכלין טמא – for Rabbi Yossi holds that defilement of liquids to defile others according to the Torah, for he expounds on the Biblical verse (Leviticus 11:34): “as to any liquid that may be drunk, it shall become impure if it was inside any vessel,” to defile others, therefore, something that is a matter of doubt in respect to liquids, if it has to do with foods, it is impure.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tahorot
Introduction
Our mishnah continues to deal with cases of doubtful impurity involving liquids.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
ולכלים טהור – for the defilement of liquids to defile vessels is according to the Rabbis, from the eighteen matters that [the Sages] decreed on that day (when Rabban Gamaliel was removed as head of the Sanhedrin – see Tractate Berakhot 28a – see the Bartenura commentary on Tractate Shabbat, Chapter 1, Mishnah 4). For the first Tanna/teacher that disputes on that of Rabbi Yossi who expounds (Leviticus 11:34): “as to any liquid that may be drunk, it shall become impure if it was inside any vessel” but not to defile others, for the defilement of liquids to defile foods and liquids is according to the Rabbis, therefore a matter of doubt of the defilement of liquids to defile others is ritually pure. And the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tahorot
Rabbi Yose says: a condition of doubt in the case of liquids is deemed unclean in respect of food and clean in respect of vessels. Rabbi Yose holds that if there is a case of doubt involving impure liquids that might have defiled food, the food is impure. But if the doubt involves vessels, the vessels remain pure. He illustrates this in section two.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tahorot
How so? If there were two jars, the one unclean and the other clean, and he made dough with the contents of one of them and a doubt arose as to whether he prepared it with the contents of the unclean, or of the clean one, such is "a condition of doubt in the case of liquids [which] is deemed unclean in respect of food and clean in respect of vessels." In this case, the dough is impure because it might have been made with the water from the impure jar. But the trough in which the dough was kneaded remains pure.
