"Ti assalisco se non vieni a testimoniare per me che quell'uomo mi deve un impegno, e tsometh yad (lett." Una collocazione nella mano ") [vale a dire, un prestito, denaro" messo nella mano di un altro "] e (ripristino del) furto e un oggetto perduto "[cioè, ha trovato qualcosa che ho perso] —(Se dicono :) "Giuriamo di non conoscere alcuna testimonianza per te", sono responsabili solo per uno. (Se dicono :) "Giuriamo che non sappiamo che quell'uomo ti deve un impegno, un tsometh yad, un furto e un oggetto smarrito", sono responsabili di ciascuno. "Ti assalisco se non vieni a testimoniare per me che quell'uomo mi deve un impegno di grano, orzo e farro." "Giuriamo di non conoscere alcuna testimonianza per te", sono responsabili solo per uno. "Giuriamo che non conosciamo la testimonianza per te che quell'uomo ti deve grano, orzo e farro, sono responsabili di ciascuno. [Il primo ci informa di un tipo (cioè denaro) e di rivendicazioni distinte; il secondo , di una rivendicazione— un impegno — e tipi distinti.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
תשומת יד – a loan, that he placed money in his hand.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
Introduction
Mishnah five discusses combining several oaths into one oath or separating one oath into several oaths.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
“I adjure you that you come and bear testimony for me that there are of mine in the possession of so-and-so a deposit, a loan, a stolen object, and a lost object”; [And they respond]: “We swear we know no testimony for you”, they are liable only once. “We swear we know not that there are of yours in the possession of so-and-so a deposit, a loan, a stolen object, and a lost object”, they are liable for each one. In the scenario in this section a person adjures witnesses to testify that another person has in his possession a deposit, a loan, a stolen object and a lost object that belong to him (the first person). If the witnesses swear falsely that they know no testimony, they are only obligated for having sworn one false oath of testimony. Since they made only one oath they can be obligated only once. If however, they swear four different oaths, by separately mentioning the deposit, loan, stolen object and lost object, then they are obligated for four false oaths. Since they separated their response into four details they have sworn four oaths and they are obligated for each one.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
חטין ושעורין וכוסמין – the first clause [of the Mishnah] teaches us of one species and disputed claims, and the concluding clause [of the Mishnah] teaches us of one claim all of them are deposits, and disputed species.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
“I adjure you that you bear testimony for me that there is of mine in the possession of so-and-so a deposit of wheat, barley, and spelt”; [And they respond]: “We swear we know no testimony for you”, they are liable only once. “We swear we know no testimony for you that there is of yours in the possession of so-and-so a deposit of wheat, barley, and spelt”, they are liable for each one. The scenario in this section is similar to the scenario in the previous section. The only difference is that here at issue are three different kinds of grain. Again, if the witnesses combine their denial into one oath, then they are obligated only once. If they separate the oath into three different details they will be obligated for each detail.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
Questions for Further Thought: Why does the mishnah need to teach section two after having already taught section one? Would you have been able to learn the ruling with regards to section two from having known only section one?
