Commento su Shevi'it 5:3
לוּף שֶׁעָבְרָה עָלָיו שְׁבִיעִית, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אִם לָקְטוּ הָעֲנִיִּים אֶת עָלָיו, לָקָטוּ. וְאִם לָאו, יַעֲשֶׂה חֶשְׁבּוֹן עִם הָעֲנִיִּים. רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, אִם לָקְטוּ הָעֲנִיִּים אֶת עָלָיו, לָקָטוּ. וְאִם לָאו, אֵין לָעֲנִיִּים עָלָיו חֶשְׁבּוֹן:
Arum Palaestinum che ha superato l'anno sabbatico, il rabbino Eliezer dice: se i poveri hanno raccolto le sue foglie, si sono raccolti [e non è necessario altro]; ma in caso contrario, bisogna fare i conti con i poveri [e pagarli per ciò che è cresciuto durante l'anno sabbatico]. Il rabbino Yehoshua dice: Se i poveri hanno raccolto le sue foglie, si sono radunati; ma in caso contrario, i poveri non sono tenuti a fare i conti con lui.
Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
לוף שערבה עליו שביעית – and entered upon it the Eighth Year when it endures a long time attached in the ground.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Introduction During the sabbatical year any one can come and take the produce. Our mishnah deals with luf which has remained in the ground during the seventh year and is not picked until the eighth year.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
אם לקטו ענבים את עליו לקטו – as the leaves of he LOF/a plant with edible leaves and root, and bearing beans (of the onion species) they have removal (in the third and sixth years of the Sabbatical cycle) but if they were uprooted , they don’t have removal as is taught in the Mishnah further on in Chapter 7 (Mishnayot 1-2), therefore, if the poor gathered their leaves in the Seventh Yeaer, they gathered them, and if not, and they entered into the Eighth Year and the leaves grew, it was found that the growth of the Seventh Year and the Eighth Year were combined together.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Luf which has remained [in the ground until] after the passing of the seventh year:
Rabbi Eliezer says: if the poor had gathered its leaves, then they have gathered. If not, then an account must be made with the poor. Luf can remain in the ground for several years before it needs to be picked. Our mishnah talks about luf that could have been picked during the seventh year, but was left in the ground until the eighth year, thereby giving it time to grow. Rabbi Eliezer rules that if the poor people gathered it during the seventh year, then it is theirs and they need not compensate the field owner for the fact that he was planning on leaving the luf in the ground until the eighth year. If the poor people don’t gather the luf, then the field owner owes them for the benefit he gained by having the luf remain in the ground during the seventh year. In other words, the luf during the seventh year really belongs to the poor people and if they don’t collect it the field owner must compensate them, at least partially, for the fact that they did not do so.
Rabbi Eliezer says: if the poor had gathered its leaves, then they have gathered. If not, then an account must be made with the poor. Luf can remain in the ground for several years before it needs to be picked. Our mishnah talks about luf that could have been picked during the seventh year, but was left in the ground until the eighth year, thereby giving it time to grow. Rabbi Eliezer rules that if the poor people gathered it during the seventh year, then it is theirs and they need not compensate the field owner for the fact that he was planning on leaving the luf in the ground until the eighth year. If the poor people don’t gather the luf, then the field owner owes them for the benefit he gained by having the luf remain in the ground during the seventh year. In other words, the luf during the seventh year really belongs to the poor people and if they don’t collect it the field owner must compensate them, at least partially, for the fact that they did not do so.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
יעשה חשבון – and he should estimate how much of them grew in the Seventh Year and give it to the poor, as Rabbi Eliezer holds like Rabbi Yehuda who staed further on that the poor eat after emoval and not the rich.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Rabbi Joshua says: if the poor had gathered its leaves, then they have gathered. If not, the poor have no account with him (the field owner). Rabbi Joshua agrees that the poor have the right to gather its leaves during the sabbatical year. However, if they don’t gather them, then they have no right to request from the field owner the amount that they had lost.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
רבי יהושע אומר אין לעניים עמו חשבון – that he (i.e., Rabbi Yehoshua) held like Rabbi Yossi who stated further on (Tractate Sheviit, Chapter 9, Mishnah 8) that both rich and poor eat the produce after the time of the removal. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehoshua.
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