Questi sono gli tzitzin [fili di carne rimasti dal prepuzio] che (se rimangono) invalidano milah: carne che copre la maggior parte della corona. E lui (uno con tale tzitzin) non mangia teruma [se fosse un Cohein. Poiché a Cohein non circonciso è proibito mangiare teruma, essendo scritto in relazione all'offerta di Pesach (Esodo 12:45): "Un abitante e un uomo assunto non possono mangiarne", e, in riferimento a teruma, (Levitico 22 : 10): "Il soggiorno con un Cohein e il suo uomo assunto non possono mangiare la cosa santa"—Proprio come l'offerta di Pesach è vietata a chi non è circonciso, quindi, terumah.] E se fosse grasso, [in modo che dopo che l'intero prepuzio fosse stato rimosso, l'organo sembra ancora coperto di carne], viene corretto [ cioè, lo spessore è ridotto con il coltello] a causa delle "apparenze" [cioè, in modo che non dia l'apparenza di non essere circonciso.] Se fosse circonciso, ma il milah non fosse esposto (tirando giù la membrana), esso è come se non fosse stato circonciso, [e deve tornare indietro ed esporlo, anche se si fosse ritirato. E fintanto che è impegnato nella circoncisione su Shabbath, taglia sia quei tzitzin che invalidano il milah sia quelli che non lo fanno. Dopo essersi ritirato, ritorna per invalidare tzitzin ma non per non invalidare tzitzin.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ציצין –hidden shreds of flesh that remain from the foreskin.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah talks about some of the physical aspects of circumcision.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
עטרה – it is a tall rim which surrounds the membrum virile round about and from it slants and descends to its head and the skin that covers most of the corona of the membrum virile as our Mishnah teaches , one should not say most of the coagulation, but even most of its height in one location.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
These are the shreds which invalidate circumcision: flesh that covers the greater part of the corona; and he may not eat terumah. If there are little pieces of skin left after the foreskin was circumcised, they must be removed if they cover the greater part of the corona. If they are not removed the child is not considered circumcised and if he is a priest, he may not eat terumah, just as any non-circumcised priest may not eat terumah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אינו אוכל בתרומה – if he is a Kohen, for an uncircumcised Kohen is prohibited to eat the priest’s due/Terumah. It is said regarding the Passover sacrifice (Exodus 12:45): “No bound or hired laborer shall eat of it,” and it is stated regarding Terumah (Leviticus 22:10): “No bound or hired laborer of a priest shall eat of the sacred donations.” Just as the Passover offering is prohibited to someone uncircumcised, so too the Terumah is prohibited to someone uncircumcised.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
And if he is chubby, he must repair it for appearance sake. If the circumcision was done correctly, but due to the child’s chubby appearance it looks as if he was not circumcised, the mohel should repair the circumcision so that it looks like he was circumcised. Otherwise people will say that the child was not circumcised.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ואם היה בעל בשר – if he was fat and flesh appeared that was above his uncircumcised membrum, after the foreskin was taken off completely, as if the flesh returned and covered the membrum virile.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
If one circumcises but does not uncover the circumcision, it is as though he has not circumcised. As we learned in mishnah two, an essential part of the circumcision is the tearing of the membrane underneath the corona. If this is not done, the circumcision is invalid. Note, that other aspects of the circumcision are less essential, including the sucking. The mishnah does not say that if the mohel did not suck the wound, the circumcision is invalid. This left room for some authorities to say that we don’t need to suck the wound, or at least that it need not be sucked through direct mouth to mouth contact.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
מתקנו – and he slants the cutting utensil/knife from that thickness [of the fat].
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
מפני מראית העין – so that he would not appear as uncircumcised.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ולא פרע – and he did not reveal it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
כאלו לא מל – and he would go back and split the membrane and pull it down and even if he removed his hand from it – for all the while that he is engaged in the circumcision on the Sabbath, he cuts whether the remaining shreds invalidate the act by omission or whether they don’t invalidate the act by omission after he removes his hand from the shreds which invalidate the act, he returns to the shreds which do not invalidate the act and he doesn’t go back.
