Tutte le navi che possono essere spostate su Shabbath, le loro parti rotte possono essere spostate con loro, purché servano per qualche lavoro [qualsiasi lavoro, anche se non simile al suo lavoro originale]: le parti rotte di una depressione impastatrice, per coprire la bocca di una botte; vetro rotto, per coprire la bocca di una brocca. R. Yehudah dice: Fintanto che servono per un lavoro simile al loro lavoro originale: le parti rotte di una mangiatoia per impastare, per versare il mikpeh [una densa massa alimentare, simile alla pasta mescolata con acqua]; bicchiere, per versarvi olio. Differiscono solo per le navi che si sono rotte su Shabbath; ma se si rompessero alla vigilia del sabato, tutti concordano sul fatto che potrebbero essere spostati anche se non servono per un lavoro simile al loro lavoro originale. L'halachah non è conforme a R. Yehudah.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
מעין מלאכה – some kind of work that will be and even if it is not the kind of the first work.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah is concerned with carrying the fragments of vessels on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
לצוק לתוכן מקפה – thick [porridge] that is similar to started dough that is mixed in water and they do not dispute other than if they were broken on Shabbat, but if they were broken on the Eve of the Sabbath, everyone agrees that they are removed, even if they don’t do a kind of the first kind of work. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
All vessels which may be carried on Shabbat, their broken pieces may be carried with them, as long as they can perform something in the nature of work. [Thus]: the fragments of a kneading trough [can be used] to cover the mouth of a barrel, [and] the fragments of glass [can be used] to cover the mouth of a flask. Broken pieces of vessels may still be carried on Shabbat as long as the broken pieces can be used for some purpose. The mishnah illustrates what this means. According to the first opinion, the shard need no longer fill any function related to the purpose of the vessel from which it came. Rather it needs only to have some minimal amount of use.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rabbi Judah says: as long as they can perform something in the nature of their own work; [Thus:] the fragments of a kneading trough, to pour into them a thick mixture; and [the fragments] of a glass, to pour into them oil. Rabbi Judah says that the vessel must still have a use related to the function of the vessel of which it was originally a part. Thus a piece of a kneading trough must still be large enough to hold a thick mixture, a usage similar to its original usage. The Talmud explains that Rabbi Judah is referring to a case where the vessel broke on Shabbat itself. In such a case, since when Shabbat began the vessel was intended for a specific purpose (such as kneading) no part of it can be used for something else on Shabbat. By breaking on Shabbat and being used for something else it would be like a new vessel, one that was in essence made on Shabbat. However, if the vessel was broken before Shabbat its pieces can be carried for other purposes on Shabbat, because when Shabbat began they were already capable of fulfilling other purposes.
