Commento su Pe'ah 4:3
נָטַל מִקְצָת פֵּאָה וּזְרָקָהּ עַל הַשְּׁאָר, אֵין לוֹ בָהּ כְּלוּם. נָפַל לוֹ עָלֶיהָ, וּפֵרֵשׂ טַלִּיתוֹ עָלֶיהָ, מַעֲבִירִין אוֹתָהּ הֵימֶנּוּ. וְכֵן בְּלֶקֶט, וְכֵן בְּעֹמֶר הַשִּׁכְחָה:
Se uno prendeva una parte del Peah e la gettava sul resto, non ne riceve parte [quindi]. Anche se ci cade sopra o vi stende sopra il mantello, lo rimuoviamo [il Peah ] da lui. E così è per Leket [ spigolature cadute date ai poveri], e quindi è per il covone di Shikhechah [covoni dimenticati dati ai poveri].
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
נטל – one of the poor people [took] part of the Peah that he had already gleaned and he threw/tossed it on the rest in order to acquire it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
Introduction
This mishnah deals with how the poor actually collect the peah, meaning what constitutes taking possession of the peah such that it belongs to the specific poor person who took possession of it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
אין לו בה כלום – even with what he had gleaned, for we fine him and remove from him [both] the detached and attached.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
If [a poor man] took some of the peah [already collected] and threw it onto the remainder [not yet collected], he gets none of it. Generally, one can “acquire” something by throwing one’s possessions on top of it. By throwing some peah on top of other peah the poor person is trying to take possession of it and at the same time hide it from other poor people. Therefore we penalize him and he doesn’t get to own any of the peah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
נפל לו עליה וכו' – even though four cubits of a person acquires for him in an alley/recess and at the sides of the public domain; here in the field of his fellow the Rabbis did not establish for him that his four cubits would acquire for him; alternatively, since he fell upon it he revealed his intention that through falling it is appropriate that it would acquire for him; in the four cubits it is not appropriate for him that he would acquire it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
If he fell down upon it, or spread his cloak over it, they take the peah away from him. Again, the poor person is attempting to acquire more of the peah than he seems to be able to hold in his hands. Since he is being greedy and taking peah away from other poor people, we penalize him and he loses all of his peah, even the stuff that he already collected.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
The same applies to gleanings and the forgotten sheaf. The same laws apply to gleanings, the sheaves that fall when the owner is harvesting, or forgotten sheaves. A poor person cannot acquire them by throwing himself or his possessions on them and if he does, we penalize him.
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