Commento su Pe'ah 1:4
כְּלָל אָמְרוּ בַּפֵּאָה. כָּל שֶׁהוּא אֹכֶל, וְנִשְׁמָר, וְגִדּוּלָיו מִן הָאָרֶץ, וּלְקִיטָתוֹ כְאַחַת, וּמַכְנִיסוֹ לְקִיּוּם, חַיָּב בַּפֵּאָה. וְהַתְּבוּאָה וְהַקִּטְנִיּוֹת בַּכְּלָל הַזֶּה:
Hanno fatto una regola su Peah : tutto ciò che è cibo e che è custodito e cresce da terra e raccolto in un raccolto e conservato per la conservazione è obbligatorio in Peah . Grano e legumi sono [inclusi] in questa regola.
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
כל דבר שהוא אוכל – [Food] that excludes the after-growth of a plant producing a deep blue dye/woad, for even though they are “food” from an emergency perspective, it is not called “food” and one is not liable for [the mitzvah of] Peah/the corner of the field [regarding this product]., as it is written (Leviticus 19:9), “When you reap the harvest [of your land, you shall not reap all the way to the edges of your field, or gather the gleanings of your harvest],” there is no “harvest” other than that which is appropriate for eating.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
Introduction
This mishnah teaches a general principle used to determine when the laws of peah are applicable.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
ונשמר – Excluding that which is ownerless/HEFKER which has no guardians, is not liable for [the Mitzvah of] the “corner of the field/PEAH,” as it is written (Leviticus 19:10), “…you shall leave them for the poor and stranger [I the LORD am your God],” excluding that which is ownerless, which has already forsaken.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
They said a general principle concerning peah: whatever is food, and is looked after, and grows from the land, and is harvested all at the same time, and is brought in for storage, is subject to the law of pe'ah. There are five rules for determining which plants are liable for peah. 1. It has to be food, meaning something that people eat. Animal food does not count. 2. It has to be looked after, meaning that it has an owner. One who reaps an ownerless field does not have to leave peah. 3. It has to grow from the ground. This, according to the rabbis, excludes mushrooms, which don’t have any roots (again, according to the rabbis). 4. There has to be one harvest season. This excludes many fruits of trees which do not have one harvest season, such as figs. 5. It has to be something that can be stored. This excludes vegetables which cannot be stored because they go bad.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
וגידולו מן הארץ –[something that grows in the ground], excluding morils and truffles lack roots in the land, and their growth is from the air which are not liable for [the Mitzvah of] the corner of the field/PEAH, as it is written (Leviticus 19:9), “[When you reap] the harvest of your land…”
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
Grain and beans are in this category. The mishnah lists two types of plants that definitely fit these categories. The first is grain, which includes five types of grain (wheat, barley, spelt, rye and oats) and the second is beans.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
ולקיטתו כאחד – [and such fruits harvested all at once (not singly as they become ripe)] excluding figs and those [fruits] similar to them from the trees when the fruits are harvested first as they ripen , as it is written (Leviticus 19:9), “[When you reap] the harvest [of your land]…,” implying when many of something are harvested together.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
ומכניסו לקיום – excluding vegetables which do not endure as they grow moldy immediately, as it is written (Leviticus 23:22), “[And when you reap the harvest of your land], you shall not reap all the way to the edges your field, [or gather the gleanings of your harvest]…” as vegetation is not reaped.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
תבואה והקטניות – grain of the five kinds – wheat, barley, spelt, oats and rye. KITNIYOT/pulse beans, beans and lentils and things similar to this.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
בכלל הזה – To be obligated in [the Mitzvah of] PEAH/the corner of the field, when they will complete all of these conditions.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy