Commento su Ohalot 6:7
כֵּלִים שֶׁתַּחַת הַפֶּרַח, טְהוֹרִים. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי מְטַמֵּא. הַטֻּמְאָה וְהַכֵּלִים שֶׁתַּחַת הַפֶּרַח, אִם יֶשׁ שָׁם פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח, טְמֵאִין. וְאִם לָאו, טְהוֹרִין. שְׁנֵי פַרְדַּסְקִים זֶה בְצַד זֶה, אוֹ זֶה עַל גַּב זֶה, נִפְתַּח אַחַד מֵהֶן, הוּא וְהַבַּיִת טָמֵא, וַחֲבֵרוֹ טָהוֹר. וְרוֹאִין אֶת הַפַּרְדַּסְקִין כְּאִלּוּ הוּא אֹטֶם, יִדּוֹן מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה לְהָבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה לַבָּיִת:
Le navi che si trovano sotto un fiore [decorazione su una colonna sotto la quale è stata sepolta l'impurità] sono pure. Il rabbino Yochanan ben Nuri li dichiara impuri. Se l'impurità e le navi erano sotto il fiore, se c'era uno spazio di un soffio, sono impuri, ma in caso contrario sono puri. Due armadi uno accanto all'altro o uno sopra l'altro, se uno di essi è stato aperto, esso e la casa è impuro ma l'altro è puro e noi vediamo gli armadi come se fossero bloccati - è governato [secondo la regola di] metà e metà riguardo al portare l'impurità nella casa.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
פרח - a thing that protrudes and is wide that comes out at the top of a column/pillar or in its middle.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
Vessels beneath the flowerlike top [of a pillar] remain clean. Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri declares them unclean. The first half of today's mishnah continues to deal with the pillar. On top of a pillar there was typically an ornament that looked like a flower and it would extend to the sides of the pillar. If there are vessels in this space, which is not directly above the source of impurity found below the pillar, they remain pure. In other words, the purity goes directly up and misses the vessels found on the side of the pillar. Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri considers them to be unclean because the ornament is part of the pillar, even if it is not directly over the source of impurity.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
כלים שתחת הפרח טהורים – here we are speaking of a column that stands in the public domain or in a garden and the defilement is underneath it, and the “capital” protrudes from the column outward a handbreadth and overshadows over the vessels that are under it.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
[In the case of] the uncleanness and the vessels being [together] beneath the flowerlike top [of a pillar]: If there is a space of one cubic handbreadth there, [the vessels] become unclean; If not, they remain clean. There is a source of uncleanness in this ornament itself and there are vessels on the ground beneath this part of the pillar. If the uncleanness is found in an empty space that is one cubic handbreadth within the ornament, then the impurity will go up and down and defile the vessels below. However, if there is not such a space, the impurity remains trapped inside the ornament.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
טהורים – for the defilement bursts forth and ascends, but all that is on the sides is pure.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
[In the case of] two wall-cupboards, one beside the other, or one above the other, if one of them was opened, both it and the house become unclean, but its companion remains clean. The mishnah now discusses some rules concerning cupboards that are built into the walls of a house. If one cupboard has a source of impurity in it and it is opened, anything in the house or in that cupboard is unclean. However, anything in the closed cupboard is pure because it has a space the size of cubit handbreadth, making it into an ohel, and an ohel prevents impurity from entering.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
רבי יוחנן בן נורי מטמא – for the “capital” is like the column/pillar, and when the defilement bursts forth, it returns on all the vessels that the “capital” overshadows upon them. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
The wall-cupboard is considered as if it is plugged up, and it is subject to the principle of halves for conveying uncleanness into the house. The wall-cupboard is seen to be a plugged up part of the wall that serves the house. If the source of impurity is in the half of the wall that is closer to the house, the wall-cupboard is reckoned as part of the wall when considering the width of the wall. For instance, if the thickness of the wall is two handbreadths and it contains a wall-cupboard that is one handbreadth thick, we don't consider the wall to be only one handbreadth thick. That would mean that the impurity would have to be half a handbreadth from the inside of the wall for it to defile the contents of the house. Rather, as long as the impurity is within a handbreadth, it is considered to be to the side of the house.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
הטומאה והכלים שתחת הפרח – as for example, that the “capital” overshadows on the defilement and on the vessels.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
פותח טפח – that the “capital” protrudes outside pf the column a handbreadth.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
פרדסקים (closet, chests in the wall) – empty pillars that are placed I the wall of the house and in them are many windows/apertures and they have doors, and the defilement is under those pillars.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
נפתח אחד מהן הבית טמא – that the defilement bursts through within and goes out to the house, And even the defilement from the half of the wall and outward is not judged to be like the house. Nevertheless, the house is impure.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ורואין את הפרדסקין כאילו הן אוטם – that is to say, if the door is locked and it is not opened, we view it as if there is no cavity there at all, but if the defilement is underneath them, the wall is judged half by half, like all of these that are taught about in the Mishnah above (i.e., in the previous Mishnayot of this chapter), from its middle and inwards, the house is impure; from its middle and outward, the house is pure.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy