Commento su Ohalot 10:6
אֲרֻבָּה שֶׁהִיא בְתוֹךְ הַבַּיִת וּקְדֵרָה נְתוּנָה תַחְתֶּיהָ, שֶׁאִם תַּעֲלֶה, אֵין שִׂפְתוֹתֶיהָ נוֹגְעוֹת בָּאֲרֻבָּה, טֻמְאָה תַחְתֶּיהָ, בְּתוֹכָהּ אוֹ עַל גַּבָּהּ, טֻמְאָה בוֹקַעַת וְעוֹלָה, בּוֹקַעַת וְיוֹרָדֶת. הָיְתָה גְבוֹהָה מִן הָאָרֶץ טֶפַח, טֻמְאָה תַחְתֶּיהָ, אוֹ בַבַּיִת, תַּחְתֶּיהָ וְהַבַּיִת, טָמֵא. תּוֹכָהּ וְגַבָּהּ, טָהוֹר. בְּתוֹכָהּ אוֹ עַל גַּבָּהּ, הַכֹּל טָמֵא:
Un portello che si trova in una casa e c'è una pentola posta sotto di essa in modo che, se sollevata, i suoi bordi non tocchino il portello, se c'è impurità sotto di essa, dentro di essa o sopra di essa, l'impurità penetra e va su, trafigge e scende. Se fosse un soffio sopra il terreno e l'impurità fosse sotto di essa o nella casa, sotto di essa e la casa fosse impura e il suo interno e sopra di essa fosse puro. [Se fosse] dentro o sopra di esso, tutto è impuro.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ארובה – that it sees the airspace.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
Introduction
Today's mishnah (and tomorrow's) deal with cases where a pot is placed below the hatchway. The mishnah will discuss various scenarios as to where the pot is, and where the source of impurity is and how that effects what becomes impure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
וקדירה נתונה תחתיה – on the ground opposite the garret window. But it is not so wide that if it rises opposite the garret window that its rims would touch the garret window, but rather it goes out and enters with wide space.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
In the case of a hatchway in a house with a pot placed below it that, if it was raised, its rims would not touch the [edges of the] hatchway: The pot is placed directly below the hatchway, such that if the pot was raised it would not close up the entire hatchway. The pot is not as broad as the hatchway.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
טומאה בוקעת ועולה – but the house is ritually pure, and everything that overshadows it, which is not opposite the defilement is pure. But opposite the defilement is impure, for even though an earthenware vessel is not defiled from above it, here, that the defilement bursts forth within it is also impure, even though the defilement is below it. And all that is in the pot is impure, and even that which is not opposite the defilement.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
If there is uncleanness below, within or above [the pot], the uncleanness cleaves upwards and downwards. If there is impurity below the pot, it is in a space that is not one handbreadth cubed. As we have learned, such impurity travels up and down but not to the sides. Below and above the pot is impure, but the remainder of the house is pure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
תחתיה והבית טמא – that the pot overshadows over the defilement, since it is a handbreadth higher.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
In the case where [the pot] was one handbreadth high off the ground, if there is uncleanness below it or in the house, what is below it and in the house becomes unclean, but what is within [the pot] or above it, remains clean. If the pot is one handbreadth high off the ground, then it is in a (mini-) ohel. If there is a source of impurity either in the house or below the pot, the house and below the pot are defiled. The impurity spreads from under the pot and defiles the house. However, when it comes to the contents of the pot and what is above, we look at the pot as if it was placed above at the hatchway. Since an earthenware pot is not susceptible to impurity from the outside, it forms a barrier with the walls of the house, so that impurity does not enter inside. What is above the hatchway is also protected. However, if the pot was the same size as the hatchway and it couldn't fit in there, it does not offer a barrier and it is looked at as simply a vessel and vessels cannot become an ohel to protect against impurity (see 6:1).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
תוכה וגבה טהור – that the pot interposes in front of the defilement and protects with the walls of the tents.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
[If the uncleanness is] within or above [the pot], everything becomes unclean. If the uncleanness is inside the pot or above it, then everything, the inside of the pot, above the pot and the entire house are impure. This is because the pot is defiled by the impurity that is within it or above it and an impure vessel does not offer a barrier to impurity. This means that the impurity will go below the pot, and from there spread to the entire house.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
בתוכה או על גבה הכל טמא – within it and on top of it and below it and the house. For the defilement that is upon it bursts forth underneath it, for it is a handbreadth higher, and further it doesn’t protect since the pot is impure.
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