Commento su Niddah 4:5

כמה הוא קשויה – that she does not come to being a woman with a flux with all of the blood that she will see.

How long can protracted labor [be considered] as lasting? Today's mishnah asks how long we can consider a woman to be in protracted labor such that any blood flow is considered niddah and not zivah. Remember, this is a leniency, for if it were considered zivah, she would need to have seven clean days to become pure. The question is not empirical how long could a woman actually have protracted labor. The question is legal how long can we legally attribute the blood to being from labor and not blood of zivah?

אפילו ארבעים וחמשים יום – if she did not have one day of relief near the birth, she didn’t come to protracted menstruation, and she doesn’t give birth while being a woman in flux.

Rabbi Meir says: even forty or fifty days. Rabbi Meir says even forty, fifty days, which might mean that there is no limit whatsoever. Any time she has protracted labor, the blood is considered menstrual, as long as she didn't stop having the labor pains.

דיה חדשה – it is enough for her if the labor is purified in one month, that is during the ninth month [of pregnancy], for she gives birth while with a flux on account of three days during the eighth [month].

Rabbi Judah say: the [ninth] month suffices for her. Rabbi Judah says that blood during the entire ninth month of her pregnancy is considered menstrual and not zivah, as long as she is having labor pains along with it.

אין קשוי יותר שבתות -that she was not in labor and saw [blood] for three days prior to two weeks, and then had continuous hard labor all of the [two] weeks after that, this is a woman giving birth while in flux on account of the three days that came prior to the two weeks [of hard labor]. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yossi and Rabbi Shimon.

Rabbi Yose and Rabbi Shimon says: protracted labor is not for more than two weeks [before birth]. Rabbi Yose and Rabbi Shimon say that she can be considered to be in protracted labor only for the two weeks before birth. Blood before this period must be considered zivah blood.