Se uno dicesse: "Sarò un nazirita" e diventerà impuro il trentesimo giorno, compenserà il tutto (naziritismo), [poiché divenne impuro in mezzo ai giorni del naziritismo. E non diciamo che il trentesimo giorno ritorni ad entrambi (Naziritisms), che parte del giorno è come tutto il giorno, tranne quando si è rasato e ha portato offerte quel giorno.] R. Eliezer dice: compensa solo sette giorni (di purificazione per la sua impurità). [Perché sostiene che diciamo che parte del giorno è come tutto il giorno, ed è come se fosse diventato impuro dopo il compimento (del suo naziritismo). E l'impurità dopo l'adempimento, secondo R. Eliezer, compensa (cioè aggiunge) solo sette.] (Se uno dicesse :) "Sarò un nazirita per trenta giorni", se diventasse impuro il trentesimo giorno, compenserebbe il tutto, [sia secondo R. Eliezer che secondo i rabbini. Perché da allora ha detto; "Sarò un nazirita per trenta giorni", tutti concordano sul fatto che richiede trenta giorni interi e che in questo caso non diciamo: "parte del giorno è come tutto il giorno". E R. Eliezer, che sostiene (3: 4) che uno che diventa impuro il giorno stesso della realizzazione compensa da solo trenta giorni, ma non il tutto, ne deriva (Numeri 6:13): "E questa è la legge di il nazirita nel giorno della realizzazione "—Se divenne impuro il giorno dell'adempimento, "dagli" la legge del nazirita; cioè, il naziritismo in generale, trenta giorni— Qui, dove disse: "Sarò un nazirita per trenta giorni, e diventò impuro il trentesimo giorno, che è il giorno della realizzazione, quando compensa tutte e trenta, compensa il tutto. E anche i rabbini, che differiscono da R. Eliezer, dicendo che colui che diventa impuro nel giorno della realizzazione compensa il tutto, anche se ha contato molti giorni —qui, dove disse: "Sarò un nazirita per trenta giorni", e divenne impuro il giorno della realizzazione, compensando i trenta, compensa il tutto. In modo che sia secondo R. Eliezer che secondo i rabbini, compensi il tutto. E ovunque R. Eliezer e i saggi differiscano, l'halachah è conforme ai saggi.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
נמצא יום שלשים סתר את הכל – for he was defiled in the midst of the days of his Naziriteship, and we don’t say that the thirtieth day counts both for here (i.e., the first Naziriteship) and there (i.e., the second Naziriteship), since part of a day is considered a complete day, but rather, when he shaved and brought his [hair] sacrifices on that day.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
Introduction
When a nazirite becomes impure he renders void the entire term of naziriteship that he has already observed. He must purify himself in the standard procedure, which takes seven days. He then shaves, brings a bird sacrifice and then he begins to count again (see Numbers 6:9-12). Our mishnah deals with one who has become impure on the thirtieth day of his nazirite period. This person has not yet brought the sacrifices which he brings at the end of his naziriteship.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
ר"א אומר אינו סותר אלא שבעה – for he holds that we say that part of a day is considered as a whole day and it is as if he became defiled after fulfilling [his Naziriteship], and defilement after fulfilling [his Naziriteship] according to Rabbi Eliezer does not lose anything other than seven [days].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
If one says, “Behold, I am a nazirite,” and becomes impure on the thirtieth day, he renders void the whole period. Rabbi Eliezer says: only seven days are void. According to the first opinion, even though he has reached the thirtieth day, and thereby completed his nazirite vow of unspecified duration, since he has not yet brought his sacrifices, his becoming impure renders the whole period void. He now has to become pure, shave and bring sacrifices and then start counting again. Rabbi Eliezer holds that this does not void all of the days which he has already served. Rather he waits seven days, during which he purifies himself and then brings the end of naziriteship sacrifices. According to Rabbi Eliezer, since on the thirtieth day he could have offered his sacrifices before he became impure, it is as if he completed his naziriteship, he just can’t offer his sacrifices until he becomes pure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
הריני נזיר שלשים יום נטמא יום ל' סתר את הכל – whether according to Rabbi Eliezer or according to the Rabbis, for since he said, “I am a Nazirite for thirty days,” everyone agrees that we require thirty complete days, and we don’t say in this that part of a day is considered a whole day. And Rabbi Eliezer who holds that a person (i.e., a Nazirite who is defiled on the fulfilling [the vow] exactly, loses only the thirtieth day and does not lose it all, we derive it from a Biblical verse, as it is written (Numbers 6:13): “This is the ritual of the nazirite: On the day that his term as Nazirite is completed.” If he is defiled on the day of completion, give him the Torah of Naziriteship, meaning to say an unspecified period of Naziriteship is thirty days; here that he said: “I am a Nazirite for thirty days,” and he was defiled on the thirtieth day which is the day of completion, since he lost all thirty, he lost everything. But the Rabbis also who dispute that of Rabbi Eliezer and state that someone who is defiled on the day of completion has lost everything and even if he counted a few days here, for when he said, “I am a Nazirite for thirty days and was defiled on the day of completion, since he also lost the thirtieth day, he lost everything; therefore, whether according to Rabbi Eliezer or according to the Rabbis, he lost everything, and in everything where Rabbi Eliezer and the Sages dispute, the Halakha is according to the Sages.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
[If one says,] “Behold, I am a nazirite for thirty days”, and becomes impure on the thirtieth day, the he renders void the whole period. However, if he vows to be a nazirite for thirty days, he must serve a full thirty days, as we learned in yesterday’s mishnah. In this case if he becomes impure on the thirtieth day, Rabbi Eliezer would agree that he has rendered the entire naziriteship void. He must become pure and then start counting again.
