Commento su Menahot 6:6
הָעֹמֶר הָיָה בָא עִשָּׂרוֹן מִשָּׁלשׁ סְאִין. שְׁתֵּי הַלֶּחֶם, שְׁנֵי עֶשְׂרוֹנִים מִשָּׁלשׁ סְאִין. לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים, עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה עֶשְׂרוֹנִים מֵעֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע סְאִין:
L' omero consisteva in un decimo [di un ephah-misura di farina] preso da tre se'im [particolare misura del volume]. I due pani - due decimi presi da tre seim . E lo spettacolo - ventiquattro decimi presi da ventiquattro se'im .
Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
העומר היה בא עשרון משלש סאין – the meal-offering of the Omer that we bring on the morrow of [the first day of] Passover, they would reap three Seah which is an Ephah of barley, and grind it and wave it in a sieve thirteen times until they produce its fine flour of an Issaron which is the tenth of an Ephah. And the reason that they require an Issaron of Omer of three Seah of barley, since that it comes from new grain and it is of barley, , they have in it much coarse bran and a small amount of choice flour, and one doesn’t bring his choice Issaron other than from three Seah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
Introduction
This mishnah teaches how much flour was found in various types of menahot.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
שתי הלחם שני עשרונים משלש סאים – for since they come from wheat, even though that it comes from new gain, for on Atzeret/Shavuot it is the new grain of wheat, nevertheless two choice tenths of an Ephah come from three Seah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
The omer consisted of one tenth [of an ephah of flour] taken from three se'ahs. The minhah of the omer, brought on the sixteenth of Nissan (at the end of the first day of Pesah), consisted of a tenth of an ephah of flour (we shall learn more about the omer in chapter ten). An ephah was equivalent to about 4 liters and in mishnaic measurement, an ephah was equivalent to three seahs. This one-tenth of an ephah was sifted out of three whole seahs of barley. This refined it until it was quite pure. It was necessary to refine the omer so thoroughly because barley grain has a high quantity of waste material.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
לחם הפנים עשרים וארבעים עשרונים – and thus it is written (Leviticus 24:5): “[You shall take choice flour] and bake of it twelve loaves, two-tenths of a measure for each loaf.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
The two loaves consisted of two tenths taken from three se'ahs. The two loaves brought on Shavuot each consisted of two-tenths of an ephah, as is stated in Leviticus 23:17. These two-tenths were sifted out of three ephahs. The reason that less sifting was needed is that these loaves came from wheat and not barley.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
מעשרים וארבע סאים – since they come from wheat and from old grain, we remove one choice Issaron from the Seah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
And the showbread consisted of twenty-four tenths taken from twenty-four se'ahs. Each of the twelve loaves of the showbread consisted of two-tenths of an ephah of flour, as is stated in Leviticus 24:5, for a total of twenty-four tenths. Each tenth would have been sifted from one seah. The reason that less sifting is needed is that unlike the omer and the two loaves which must come from newly harvested barley or wheat, the showbread can come from the older harvest, which has less waste material than the new harvest.
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