Commento su Ma'aserot 1:3
הֶחָרוּבִין, מִשֶּׁיִּנָּקֵדוּ. וְכָל הַשְּׁחוֹרִים, מִשֶּׁיִּנָּקְדוּ. הָאֲגָסִים וְהַקְּרֻסְטוֹמֵלִין וְהַפָּרִישִׁין וְהָעֻזְרָדִים, מִשֶּׁיִּקָּרֵחוּ. וְכָל הַלְּבָנִים, מִשֶּׁיִּקָּרֵחוּ. הַתִּלְתָּן, מִשֶּׁתְּצַמֵּחַ. הַתְּבוּאָה וְהַזֵּיתִים, מִשֶּׁיַּכְנִיסוּ שְׁלִישׁ:
Carrube, da quando formano macchie [scure]. Tutti i frutti scuri, da quando formano macchie [scure]. E pere e pere e mele cotogne crostumeniane e mele granchio, da quando perdono il loro fuzz. Tutti i frutti bianchi, da quando perdono il loro fuzz. Fieno greco, da quando [i suoi semi] cresceranno [se piantati]. Cereali e olive, da quando hanno prodotto un terzo [di ciò che possono produrre].
Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
משינקדו – from when they will have on them black dots, for at the completion of their ripening they begin to blacken.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
Carobs [are liable to] tithes after they form dark spots; similarly all black fruits after they form dark spots.
Pears and crustumenian pears, quinces, and medlars [are liable to tithes] after their surface begins to grow smooth; similarly all white fruits, after their surface begins to grow smooth.
Fenugreek [is liable to tithe] when the seeds [can be planted and] will grow.
Grain and olives after they are one-third ripe.
This mishnah continues to teach when various types of produce become liable for tithes. Again, since it is self-explanatory, there are no comments below.
Pears and crustumenian pears, quinces, and medlars [are liable to tithes] after their surface begins to grow smooth; similarly all white fruits, after their surface begins to grow smooth.
Fenugreek [is liable to tithe] when the seeds [can be planted and] will grow.
Grain and olives after they are one-third ripe.
This mishnah continues to teach when various types of produce become liable for tithes. Again, since it is self-explanatory, there are no comments below.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
וכל השחורים – such as the berries of myrtle and the berries of thorn-bushes.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
האגסים – in Arabic AGGAS and in the foreign language PEARS.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
קרוסטמלין (Crustumenian pear – red on one side) – small apples that are similar to gall-nut that they call a species of oak from which the gall-nut are collected.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
פרישין (name of a fruit/quince) – is called KONDUNISH in the foreign tongue and in Arabic SPERGEL.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
עוזרדין (medlar/crabapple/sorb-apple) – in Arabic ZAROD and in the foreign tongue SURBASH.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
משיקריחו – these fruits in their small size are covered with thin hairs, like a sort of down/feathers, and when they begin to ripen , they gradually become bald/smooth and at the completion of their ripening , everything falls out.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
תלתן משיצמח (fenugree)-when it will be completed in its ripening until that if they would seed it, it would grow, and a sign to know when it reached to this measurement is when one places it into the water and every single berry that most of it sinks into the water, it is with the knowledge that if one sews it, it will grow, and we expound upon it as it is written (Deuteronomy 14:22): “You shall set aside every year a tenth part of all the yield of your sowing,” something that is sown and grows.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
משיכניסו שליש – when they have grown one-third from what they will eventually grow; alternatively, when one comes to store away and to press them out, one removes from them now one-third from what they will produce when they ripen well.
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Yachin on Mishnah Maasrot
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