Piccole navi di terracotta e fondi e fianchi che possono stare senza supporto [possono diventare ritualmente impuri] se le loro dimensioni sono sufficienti per contenere l'olio per ungere un bambino piccolo, fino a un tronco . Da un registro a un Seah , [essi possono contrarre impurità rituale se possono ancora tenere] un revi'it [quarto di log . Da un seah a due se'in , [se riescono ancora a reggere] mezzo tronco . Dalle due se'in alle tre e fino alle cinque se'in , [se riescono ancora a tenere] un tronco : le parole del rabbino Yishmael. Il rabbino Akiva dice: non prescriverei alcuna misura per le navi; piccoli vasi di terracotta e fondi e fianchi che possono sopportare senza supporto, le dimensioni [alle quali possono contrarre l'impurità rituale] da una dimensione abbastanza grande [per contenere l'olio] per ungere un bambino piccolo fino a una piccola pentola. Dalle piccole pentole ai barattoli di Lydda, [possono contrarre l'impurità rituale se riescono ancora a trattenere] una rivisitazione ; dai barattoli di Lydda ai barattoli di Betlemme, mezzo ceppo ; dai vasetti di Betlem ai vasetti di stoccaggio, [se riescono ancora a contenere] un registro . Rabban Yochanan ben Zakkai dice: La misura per vasetti di archiviazione di grandi dimensioni è due login ; per il fondo delle boccette e delle piccole navi della Galilea, qualsiasi importo; ma i loro lati non sono [suscettibili all'impurità].
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
הדקין שבכלי חרס – thin and small earthenware vessels, whether they themselves cannot support/hold other than only up the anointing of a small [finger of a child] or whether they were broken and their rimmed bottom remained, an explanation: like their rimmed bottoms of a vessel, that is the rim that is towards the ground, or their walls/sides which remained and alone are able to sit without supports, are still vessels. And if they hold enough oil to anoint a small thing, that is to say, the anointing of a small finger of a day-old baby, they are impure. And this is explained in the Tractate Shabbat [77b] (and also Tractate Eduyot, Chapter 4, Mishnah 6 – as explained by Tosefot Yom Tov), the anointing of a minor, one small limb of a minor of the age of one-day old.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Introduction
In yesterday's mishnah we learned that vessels become pure when they are broken. Our mishnah modifies yesterday's mishnah, by teaching that the vessels are "broken" and thereby pure only when they are no longer usable. If pieces of the vessel can be used for any purpose, that piece retains its impurity, or at least its capacity to become impure.
The tannaim in our mishnah argue as to how big the piece must be in order to still be able to become impure or retain its impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
עד לוג – this measurement of the anointing of a minor, for the shards of a vessel that had not been from its outset other than a LOG (i.e., a LOG is the equivalent of the liquid displaced by six eggs). But if there was from the outset more than a LOG, we need a larger measure for the shards, more than in order to anoint [the small limb of] a minor [who is one day-old].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
As regards the smallest earthen vessels, and the bottoms and sides [of the larger but broken vessels] that can stand unsupported: The prescribed size is a capacity to hold oil sufficient for the anointing of a little finger of a child [if their former capacity] was that of a log. If [their former capacity] was from one log to a se'ah [their present capacity] must be a quarter of a log. If it was from a se'ah to two se'ah it must be half a log. If from two se'ah to three se'ah or as much as five se'ah it must be a log, the words of Rabbi Ishmael. This section is Rabbi Yishmael's opinion. In each section there are two sizes how big the vessel was before it was broken, and how big the piece left needs to be in order to still be susceptible to impurity. When it comes to broken pieces, if it is a side piece it needs to be able to stand unsupported. If it can't, the size of the piece is irrelevant, for it won't receive impurity. If the vessel (or the broken piece thereof) was very small, and couldn't even hold a log (1/2 liter) before it was broken, then it only needs to be able to hold enough oil for a small child to soak his finger in. If it can't hold even this small amount of oil, then it cannot receive impurity. If the original size was from a log to a seah (24 logs), then it needs to be able to hold at least a 1/4 of a log. If the original size was from one to two seahs, it must now be able to hold 1/2 of a log, and if the original size was from two to five seahs, it must be able to hold a full log. The assumption behind all of this seems to be that if a person has a small vessel, he may save a smaller shard of that vessel. But if the vessel was originally very large, very small shards will seem to lack any value and he will get rid of them. In this case, the vessel is not susceptible to impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
מלוג ועד סאה – a vessel that would at its outset hold from a LOG and more than a LOG until a SESAH, the measure of its shards is one-quarter of a LOG. And for more than a SEAH until two SEAH, the measurement of its shards is one-half a LOG and similarly for all of them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Akiva says: I do not prescribe any size for the unbroken vessels, rather: as regards the smallest earthen vessels, and the bottoms and sides [of larger but broken ones] that can stand unsupported: The prescribed size is a capacity to hold enough oil to anoint the little finger of a child. [This size is prescribed for pots] that are not bigger than the small cooking-pots. For small cooking-pots and for those between these and the jars from Lydda the prescribed capacity is a quarter of a log. For those which have a size between that of Lydda jars and Bethlehem jars the capacity must be that of half a log. For those between Bethlehem jars and large stone jars the capacity must be that of a log. Rabbi Akiva basically agrees with Rabbi Yishmael, but he uses a different system to delineate the original sizes of the vessels. Instead of listing capacities, he lists typical types of jars or other containers used in his day. Other than that, he agrees with Rabbi Yishmael as to how big the pieces must be in order to still be susceptible to impurity. Jars and containers seem to have been typically named based on their place of manufacture.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
אני איני נותן בהם מדה – according to the largeness of the vessel or its smallness, but according to the places where it is customarily done and according to the structure/form of the utensils.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai says: [the prescribed capacity for the fragments] of large stone jars is two logs, and that for the bottoms of broken Galilean flasks and small jars is any whatsoever, but the fragments of their sides are not susceptible to impurity Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai seems to basically agree with Rabbi Akiva. He disagrees in that he gives different measures for how big the pieces must be for large stone jars. Whereas Rabbi Akiva held that they need hold only one log, Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai holds that they must hold two logs. He also holds that small jars and Galilean flasks can still receive impurity no matter how small a piece was left. Assumedly, people would use these shards even if they were very small. However, this only applies to the base. In his opinion, the walls of these flasks or jars were not usable at all, and therefore once broken, they cannot receive impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
אלא הדקין שבכלי חרס וכו' – that they don’t have the form of pots and they. But when the reach to be like the form of small pots, their measure is one-quarter of a LOG.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
חביות לודיות – jugs that are made in Lod/Lydda.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
לחמיות – [jugs] that are made in Bethlehem. But they are larger than the ones that are made in Lod/Lydda.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
חצבים גדולים (stone pitchers/earthen jugs) – large pitchers all that is possible.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
הפכים הגלילים (flasks/jars with a narrow neck) – that are made in the land of the Galilee.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
והחביונות (small vessel, flask with flat sides) – small jugs, and these are thin ones of earthenware vessels.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
ואין להן דפנות – that specifically their rims are impure if there remains in them the amount of oil to anoint the small finger of a child, but their sides are pure And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Akiva.
