Anche se hanno detto: prendono impegni da coloro che devono voti di valore, gli concedono cibo per trenta giorni, vestiti per dodici mesi, biancheria da letto e letto, scarpe e tefillin . Per se stesso, ma non per moglie e figli. Se era un artigiano, gli lasciavano due strumenti di ogni tipo. Se era un falegname, gli lasciavano due asce e due seghe. Il rabbino Eliezer dice: se era un contadino, gli lasciavano il suo giogo [di buoi]; se un autista asino, gli lasciano il suo asino.
Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
ממשכנין אותן (as a follow up to Tractate Arakhin, Chapter 5, Mishnah 6) – a treasurer enters into their homes and takes [the surety/pledge] against their will.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Arakhin
Introduction
This mishnah relates to mishnah 5:6, where we learned that the court take pledges (objects of value) in order to force a person to pay his vows of value.
Today we learn that certain items are not taken by the collector.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
מזון וכסו ומטה סנדלים ותפילין – on all of hem they leave over for him money to purchase them if he lacks them, as it is written (Leviticus 27:8): “But if one cannot afford the equivalent, [he shall be presented before the priest, and the priest shall assess him,” and the Rabbis expound upon this Biblical verse thusly: “but if one cannot afford/ואם מך “ – it will be made that he will remain, that he would have existence/stability (הויה ) and support/livelihood (חיות ), “the equivalent/מערכך “- from the money of the valuation. And this implies that he has existence and livelihood from the money of the valuation, but not for his wife and not for his children.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Arakhin
Even though they said: they take pledges from those who owe vows of value, they allow him food for thirty days, clothing for twelve months, bed and bedding, shoes and tefillin. For himself, but not for his wife and children. When they take the pledge from the person who owes his vow to the Temple, they leave him with certain basic needs, food, clothing and tefillin. However, they don’t leave him with money to support his wife and family. Evidently, those who depend upon him will have to look elsewhere for support. Note that this does not mean that they take his wife’s property. It just means that they don’t leave him with money to buy food for her or his children.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
מכל מין ומין – from all of the trades/skilled labors that require four or five utensils.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Arakhin
If he was a craftsman, they leave him two tools of every kind. If he was a carpenter, they leave him two axes and two saws. If he is a craftsman, he is left with two kinds of each of his tools. This way he can continue to make a living to pay off his debt. An example is a carpenter, who is left with two axes and two saws.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
מעצדים (adze) -DULDORA in the foreign tongue, that smoothens/levels the face of the board/tablet.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Arakhin
Rabbi Eliezer says: if he was a farmer, they leave him his yoke [of oxen]. If a donkey driver, they leave him his donkey. Rabbi Eliezer adds that if he is a farmer they leave him with a pair of oxen to pull his plow. And if he is a donkey driver, they leave him his donkey. These are considered the tools of the donkey driver or farmer’s trade, just as an ax or saw is the tool of a carpenter’s trade.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
מגירה (saw/plane) – a kind of long knife filled with notches, And the language is Biblical,משור/saw (see Isaiah 10:15: “[Does an ax boast over him who hews with it] or a saw magnify itself above him who wields it/אם-יתגדל המשור על מניפו ,” SIGA in the foreign tongue.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
צמדו – the yoke of cattle. For they are the utensils of his trade/craft, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer that the yoke of cattle and a donkey are property, and are not considered utensils of a craft/trade.
