Commentaire sur Téroumot 8:9
חָבִית שֶׁנִּשְׁבְּרָה בַּגַּת הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, וְהַתַּחְתּוֹנָה טְמֵאָה, מוֹדֶה רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר וְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, שֶׁאִם יְכוֹלִים לְהַצִּיל מִמֶּנָּה רְבִיעִית בְּטָהֳרָה, יַצִּיל. וְאִם לָאו, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, תֵּרֵד וְתִטַּמֵּא, וְאַל יְטַמְּאֶנָּה בְיָדָיו:
Un récipient [de Terumah ] qui a été brisé dans la cuve supérieure [d'un pressoir à vin], et la cuve inférieure était impur: le rabbin Eliezer et le rabbin Yehoshua conviennent que si l'on peut économiser au moins un Revi'it [unité spécifique de volume ] de lui dans la pureté, on devrait le sauver. Mais sinon: Rabbi Eliezer dit: laissez-le couler et devenir impur [de lui-même], et qu'il ne le souille pas de ses propres mains.
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
בגת העליונה – place where they store it away.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
A jar [of terumah] was broken in the upper part of the wine-press, and the lower part was unclean: Both Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Joshua agree that if one can save at least a reviit of it in cleanness he should save it. Our mishnah deals with a case where there is a jar of pure terumah in the upper part of a wine-press, and the lower part of the wine-press contains impure hullin wine. If the terumah flows down to the lower part it will all become impure medumma (doubtful terumah) and no one will be able to drink it not a priest because it is impure and not an Israelite, because it contains terumah. The person does not have any pure vessels handy with which to immediately save the terumah. Both Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Joshua agree that if he can fetch clean vessels and save at least a reviit of pure terumah wine before it all flows into the lower part he should do so. In other words, rather than save all of the terumah wine in impure vessels, he should save a small amount of it in a pure vessel, even though the rest of the terumah wine will render undrinkable the hullin in the lower part.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
והתחתונה – a pit on the inside of the vat where the wine goes into it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
But if not: Rabbi Eliezer says: let it flow down and become unclean of its own accord, and let him not make it unclean with his own hands. Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Joshua debate what to do in a situation in which it is impossible to save a reviit before the terumah flows down into the lower parts. Rabbi Eliezer says he should just let it all flow into the impure hullin below and that he should not defile the terumah with his own hands by putting it into unclean vessels, even though this will make the hullin below undrinkable for everyone. Rabbi Joshua’s response to Rabbi Eliezer will come mishnah eleven below, so stay tuned!
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
טמאה – it has ritually impure unconsecrated produce, and it is appropriate for it during the days of its ritual defilement, or for someone who does not consume unconsecrated produce in ritual purity, and if the heave-offering/Terumah falls into it, he should have something impure that is forbidden to all non-priests, but even to Kohanim, it is not appropriate.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ואם יכולים להציל ממנה רביעית – if he able to search around behind the utensils and to save from it a fourth [of a LOG; a LOG= six eggs) in ritual purity prior to its all descending and becoming defiled.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
יציל – he should go around behind he utensils and save it, and even though it is within , he should go round behind the utensils that it would descend from the heave-offering to the unconsecraed produce that is in the lower [vats] and he will lose the heave-offering, he should no defile the heave offering with hands to save the heave-offering, since he is able to save from it one-quarter of a LOG in ritual purity which is an important thing.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ואם לאו – that he should not find a totally pure utensil, and eventually, all of it goes o riual impurity, and in this they dispute, for Rabbi Yehoshua holds that he should defile it by hand, to save the heave-offering as it is taught at the end [of this chapter, Mishnah 11) “but as regards both of these cases (Mishnayot 9-10), Rabbi Yehoshua stated, etc. But Rabbi Eliezer holds that even though that ultimately, it would all go to become unclean, he should not make it unclean by hand to save the Hullin, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer.
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