Le rabbin Meir dit: L'huile est toujours primaire [dans son impureté, c'est-à-dire d'un niveau de premier degré, même si elle se fige en un solide]. Les sages disent: même chérie. Le rabbin Shimon Shezuri dit: même du vin. Un bouquet d'olives [impures] qui est tombé dans un four et il a été allumé, si [les olives sont] exactement l'équivalent d'un œuf [en volume], il [le four] est pur [puisque les aliments ne peuvent pas rendre un récipient impur] ; s'ils sont supérieurs à l'équivalent d'un œuf [en volume], il est impur, car une fois que la première goutte est sortie, c'est [cette goutte de liquide] a été rendue impure par le volume [restant] de l'œuf [qui est une quantité suffisante de nourriture pour rendre l'impureté, et cette goutte impure rend alors le four impur; mais quand il y a exactement le volume d'un œuf d'olives, la première goutte de celui-ci qui fond en liquide n'en est pas rendue impure, puisqu'il ne reste plus une quantité suffisante de nourriture pour la rendre impure]. Si elles [les olives impures] sont séparées [les unes des autres], même s'il y a une se'ah [une grande partie] d'entre elles, c'est [le four] est pur.
Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
השמן תחילה לעולם – and even though it congealed it doesn’t depart from the status of liquid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tahorot
Rabbi Meir says: oil always remains unclean in the first degree. And the sages say: honey also. Rabbi Shimon Shezuri says: also wine. Rabbi Meir says that unclean oil retains its first degree of impurity even if it becomes solid and then melts again and there is exactly the volume of an egg (see yesterday's mishnah, which discussed sauce, barley-mash, and milk). This is because when it became solid it was neither a liquid nor was it considered food. Therefore, when it turned back into a liquid, it is considered as never having lost its status as liquid. The sages add that the same is true of honey. This refers to honey directly flowing from the hive. R. Shimon Shezuri adds in wine as well.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
ר' שמעון שזורי אומר אף היין – [wine] that congealed does not depart from the status of liquid. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon Shezuri.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tahorot
A mass of olives that fell into an oven that was heated: If [the olives] were exactly the size of an egg it [the oven] remains pure; But if it was more than that of an egg the oven becomes unclean, for as soon as the first drop came out it became unclean by contact with an egg's bulk. If the olives were separated even if there was a se'ah of them, it remains clean. A mass of olives that are stuck together and are impure falls into a hot oven. As food, the olives do not defile the oven because food does not defile vessels. But if liquid comes out of the olives and is impure it will defile the oven because liquid can defile vessels. If the olive mass is only exactly the amount of an egg, it won't defile the oven. Even if liquid begins to flow from the mass when it hits the oven, the remainder of the mass is less than an olive, so it doesn't defile. But if it was more than an egg, then as soon as the first drop comes out, the food will defile the liquid and the liquid will then defile the oven. If the olives fall separately into the oven, then each is less than the size of an egg, and even if liquid comes out of the olive, the oven will remain pure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
וגוש של זיתים (lump/clod of olives) – many olives that are attached together. And we are speaking about an impure lump/clod.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
בביצה מכוון טהור – the oven [is pure], for food does not defile a vessel. But liquid that comes out from the clod/lump on account of heating, it has nothing for what that it defiles, for since the first drop [of liquid] departed [upon heating], it is missing from an egg’s bulk, but when there is in the clod/lump more than an egg’s bulk, when the first drop exudes there still remained in the clod/lump the equivalent of an egg’s bulk, and when the drop in the clod/lump is defiled, and it returned to being first-degree [of ritual impurity], the drop defiled the oven, for liquids defile a vessel.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
אם היו פירודים – if the olives were separate that they are not a lump/clod.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
אפילו הן מאה – meaning to say even if they are the measurement of one-hundred eggs, they do not combine to be an egg’s bulk to defile the oil that exudes to become first-degree [of ritual defilement].
