Commentaire sur Sotah 7:2
וְאֵלּוּ נֶאֱמָרִין בִּלְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ. מִקְרָא בִכּוּרִים, וַחֲלִיצָה, בְּרָכוֹת וּקְלָלוֹת, בִּרְכַּת כֹּהֲנִים, וּבִרְכַּת כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל, וּפָרָשַׁת הַמֶּלֶךְ, וּפָרָשַׁת עֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה, וּמְשׁוּחַ מִלְחָמָה בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁמְּדַבֵּר אֶל הָעָם:
Et ce qui suit est dit dans la langue sainte: La récitation des prémices (Deutéronome 26: 5-10), Halitzah [la cérémonie effectuée pour libérer une veuve d'un homme sans enfant d'un mariage avec son beau-frère] (Deutéronome 25: 7-8), les bénédictions et les malédictions (Deutéronome 27-28), la bénédiction des prêtres (Nombres 6: 24-26), la bénédiction du souverain sacrificateur, le paragraphe du roi, le paragraphe d' Eglah Arufah [le veau tué comme expiation pour un meurtre non résolu] (Deutéronome 21: 7-8), et le prêtre oint pour la guerre quand il parlait à la nation (Deutéronome 20: 3-4).
Bartenura on Mishnah Sotah
מקרא בכורים – that he would recite from (Deuteronomy 26:5): “My father was a fugitive Aramean,” until the conclusion of the portion.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
Introduction
In yesterday’s mishnah we learned which “declarations” can be recited in any language. In today’s mishnah we learn the opposite; those things which must be recited in Hebrew. The list in today’s mishnah will be discussed in much greater length in the rest of this chapter and indeed through most of the rest of the tractate.
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וחליצת יבמה – she states (Deuteronomy 25:7): “My husband’s brother refuses to establish a name in Israel for his brother,” and he states (Deuteronomy 25:8): “I do not want to marry her.” And after the ceremony of removing the shoe of the brother-in-law–levir, she says (Deuteronomy 25:9): “Thus shall be done to the man [who will not uphold his brother’s house!]”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
The following are recited in the holy tongue (:
The reading made at the offering of the firstfruits, When a person brings his first fruits to the Temple, he must recite Deuteronomy 26:5-11. In tomorrow’s mishnah we shall learn why this must be recited in Hebrew.
The reading made at the offering of the firstfruits, When a person brings his first fruits to the Temple, he must recite Deuteronomy 26:5-11. In tomorrow’s mishnah we shall learn why this must be recited in Hebrew.
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ברכות וקללות – that the Jewish people recited at Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
The recitation at halitzah, Halitzah is the ceremony performed when the brother-in-law does not want to marry his dead brother’s wife. Both the widow and her brother-in-law must make some declarations (see Deuteronomy 25:7-9). Mishnah four will explain why this must be recited in Hebrew.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
The blessings and curses, These refer to the blessings and curses stated by the Levites on Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Ebal. Mishnah 5 will elaborate.
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ברכות כ"ג – after the Divine Service on the Day (i.e., Yom Kippur) in the innermost sanctum (i.e., the Holy of Holies), he would read the portion in the Torah and make the eight blessings that are explained in our Mishnah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
The priestly blessing, The priestly blessing is described in Numbers 6:23-26. It is still recited in the morning prayer service today, as part of the amidah prayer. It will be discussed below in mishnah 6.
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ופרשת המלך – this is the portion of "הקהל"–Gathering the people (see Deuteronomy 31:10-13), as it explains at the end of our chapter (Mishnah 8).
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The blessing of the high priest, This refers to the blessing given by the high priest to the people on Yom Kippur after he has come out from the Holy of Holies. See below, mishnah 7.
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ופרשת עגלה ערופה – (Deuteronomy 21:7): “Our hands did not shed this blood,” (Deuteronomy 21:8): “Absolve, O LORD, your people Israel, etc.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
The section of the king, The “section of the king” refers to the portion of the Torah read by the king when the congregation gathers together on Sukkot after the seventh year has been completed (below mishnah eight).
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פרשת משוח מלחמה – (Deuteronomy 20:2): “Before you join battle, etc,” (Deuteronomy 20:3): “Hear, O Israel! You are about to join battle [with your enemy].”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
The section of the calf whose neck is broken, This is what the elders recite when they break the neck of a heifer to atone for a murder whose perpetrator is unknown (Deuteronomy 21:7-8). This will be explained in chapter nine.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
And the priest anointed [to accompany the army] in battle when he speaks to the people. This refers to the charge given by the priest given to the army before they go out to war (Deuteronomy 20:2-4). See below, chapter eight.
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