De même, si quelqu'un avait quitté Jérusalem, et il se souvenait qu'il avait avec lui de la chair consacrée, [qui est rendue pasul (inapte) par son départ, le mur de Jérusalem étant la partition (sanctionnée) pour les offrandes d'ordre inférieur], s'il avait dépassé Tzofim [le nom d'un endroit d'où le Temple peut être vu], il le brûle à sa place, [et il n'est pas contraint de revenir]; sinon, il revient et le brûle devant le Temple avec du bois provenant du tas de bois (de l'autel), [il est écrit (Lévitique 6:23): "… dans le lieu saint. Il ne sera pas mangé, il sera brûlé. avec du feu"—Au lieu de sa consommation, il brûle.] Et pour quelle quantité [de hamets ou de chair consacrée] se souvient-il? R. Meir dit: Pour l'un ou l'autre, la taille d'un œuf. [Mais si moins—si hamets, il le vide dans son cœur; si chair consacrée, il la brûle à sa place. R. Meir soutient que «son retour (c'est-à-dire la nécessité de revenir à cause de lui) est comme sa tumah» (impureté). Tout comme le tumah de la nourriture a la taille d'un œuf (nourriture inférieure à cette taille ne devenant pas apprivoisée), de même son retour n'est pas inférieur à cette quantité.] R. Yehudah dit: Pour l'un ou l'autre, la taille d'une olive . [Il soutient que "son retour est comme son interdiction"—De même que son interdiction est avec une taille d'olive (on est responsable de la consommation d'une taille d'olive de hamets ou de chair consacrée), de même son retour est pour une taille d'olive.] Et les sages disent: Chair consacrée, pour une taille olive; hamets, pour la taille d'un œuf. [En raison de la gravité attachée à la chair consacrée, il revient même pour une taille d'olive; mais pour le hamets, qui est chullin, il ne revient que pour la taille d'un œuf. La halakha est conforme aux sages.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
שיש בידו בשר קדש – that becomes invalidated when he lives, for the wall of Jerusalem is the separator of [lighter] holy things.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
Introduction
This mishnah is a direct continuation of yesterday’s mishnah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
אם עבר צופים – the name of a place that from there one sees the Temple.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
Similarly, he who went out of Jerusalem and remembered that he had holy meat with him: If he has passed Scopus, he burns it where he is; but if not, he returns and burns it in front of the Temple with the wood of the [altar] pile. Certain sacrifices, such as a thanksgiving offering, may be eaten anywhere in Jerusalem but may not be brought outside. If they are brought outside of Jerusalem they must be burnt. The person in this mishnah is leaving Jerusalem when he discovers that he has with him “holy meat” some sacrificial meat that he didn’t eat. According to the Mishnah, if he has passed Mt. Scopus, a mountain from which the Temple Mount can be seen (this is where Hebrew University is today), then he need not go back to the Temple and burn the meat there. However, if he still has not yet reached that point, he must return to the Temple and burn the sacrifice with the wood of the altar pile.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
שורפו במקומו – and they don’t trouble him to return [to burn the Hametz or holy meat]
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English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
And for what [quantity] must they return? Rabbi Meir says: for both when there is as much as an egg; Rabbi Judah says: for both, when there is as much as an olive; But the sages say: holy meat, when there is as much as an olive and chametz, when there is as much as an egg. The mishnah now asks about the two cases we have discussed in today’s and yesterday’s mishnah: sacrifices and chametz for the sake of what quantity must one return to burn/remove them? According to Rabbi Meir, the amount is the same for both a measure the size of an egg. The Talmud says that Rabbi Meir learns this from the laws of uncleanness just as food that is less than the size of an egg cannot become unclean, so too he need return only for this measure of sacrifice or chametz. Rabbi Judah disagrees (these guys do seem to always disagree) and holds that in both cases he need return for an amount the size of an olive, a smaller amount than an egg. The Talmud explains that Rabbi Judah learns this from the amount that is prohibited an amount the size of an olive is prohibited and therefore this is the minimum amount for which one must return. Finally, the sages differentiate between the two for sacred meat he must return for the smaller amount of an olive but for chametz he need only return for an egg’s amount.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
ולאם לאו חוזר ושורפו – As it is written (Leviticus 6:23): “ [but no purification offering may be eaten from which any blood is brought into the Tent of Meeting for expiation] in the sanctuary; any such shall be consumed in fire.” In the place where he eats it, he burns it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
זה וזה – leaven as we have said above and mention that he has leaven in his house, etc., and Holy meat that is with him.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
כבחתה – but less than this (i.e., an egg’s bulk), he annuls it in his heart, and Holy meat he burns in his place. And Rabbi Meir holds that his return is like his defilement. Just as defilement through eatables is like that of an egg, for food cannot defile with less than an egg’s worth, so too, he does not return on something that is less than an egg’s worth.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
רבי יהודה אומר זה וזה בכזית – He holds that his return is like its prohibition. Just as its prohibition is an olive’s bulk-worth, for an a olive’s worth of leaven or of Holy meat, he is liable, so too, for a olive’s bulk, he returns.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
בשר קודש – because of the stringency of Holy meat, he returns even for an olive bulk’s worth. Leaven of non-sacred produce he does not go back other than on an egg’s bulk. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.
