Si on a arrosé, mais qu'il y a un doute quant à savoir si [il a arrosé] de la ficelle ou de la tige [utilisée pour allonger l'hysope court], ou de la tige [de l'hysope lui-même], son aspersion est invalide. Si on aspergeait sur deux récipients, mais qu'il y a un doute quant à savoir s'il a aspergé sur les deux [de l'hysope], ou [que l'eau sur l'un d'eux a éclaboussé] de son compagnon [récipient] et sur lui, son aspersion est invalide. Une aiguille qui a été placée sur de la faïence, si on l'a saupoudrée dessus, mais il y a un doute quant à savoir s'il a saupoudré sur l'aiguille, ou [que l'eau a éclaboussé] de la faïence dessus, son aspersion est invalide [c'est-à-dire que l'aiguille reste impur]. Une fiole avec une bouche étroite [contenant de l' eau de chatat ], on plonge [l'hysope dedans] et on la soulève comme d'habitude. Rabbi Yehuda dit: [seulement] le premier arrosage [peut être fait régulièrement; mais pour les arrosages ultérieurs, on craint que l'hysope ne colle dans la bouche du flacon et n'absorbe que par les parois, et il se peut qu'il n'y ait pas de trempage approprié]. Les eaux du Chatat qui ont diminué [c'est-à-dire ont commencé à couler], on trempe même le bout des tiges, et on arrose, tant qu'elle n'absorbe pas [l'eau des côtés ou du fond du navire, car il doit y avoir un trempage]. Si quelqu'un avait l'intention d'arroser vers l'avant et il a arrosé vers l'arrière, [ou] vers l'arrière et il a arrosé vers l'avant, son aspersion est invalide; en avant et il a saupoudré sur les côtés devant lui, son arrosage est valide. Une personne peut être saupoudrée, que ce soit avec sa conscience ou sans elle. Nous saupoudrons sur une personne et sur des récipients, même une centaine [en un arrosage, tant que de l'eau les atteint, avec l'intention de l'arroseur].
Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
ספק מן הכוש ספק מן החוט כו' – for we require definitive sprinkling from the hyssop, because they say: “let the impurity stand on the basis of its presumptive condition.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
If a person sprinkled and it is doubtful whether the water came from the thread or the spindle-reed or the buds, the sprinkling is invalid. If the sprinkling was done from the hyssop buds, it is valid; but if it came from the thread or spindle, it is invalid (see yesterday's mishnah). Since there is a doubt whether it was performed correctly, the sprinkling is invalid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
מחברו מיצה עליו (from its neighbor it dripped/emptied upon it) – perhaps the waters of purification dripped/emptied of one vessel and went on to the other.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
If he sprinkled upon two vessels and it is doubtful whether he sprinkled on both or whether some water from the one dripped on to the other, it is invalid. Both vessels look wet, but it is unclear whether he sprinkled on both or whether he sprinkled directly onto one and from there it dripped onto the other. Again, since there is a doubt, the sprinkling is invalid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
הזאתו פסולה – for if from its neighbor it dripped/emptied upon it, this is not sprinkling from the hyssop.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
If a needle was on a piece of earthenware and one sprinkled upon it, and it is doubtful whether he sprinkled on the needle or whether some water dripped on it from the earthenware, his sprinkling is invalid. Similar to the situation in section two, here we again have a doubt whether he sprinkled directly onto the needle which would purify it, or onto the earthenware and from there onto the needle, which would not purify the needle. Since we don't know what happened, the needle is still impure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
טובל ומעלה כדרכו – but we don’t say that from out of that its mouth was pressed to go out perhaps the waters would return into the vessel and would not remain in the hyssop according to the measure.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
A flask with a narrow mouth, one may dip in and draw out in the usual way. Rabbi Judah says: this may be done only for the first sprinkling. This section refers to a flask with a narrow opening. When the hyssop is pulled out, we might have thought that some of its liquids would be squeezed out and fall back into the water. This would cause the water to be a mixture of hyssop juice and hatat waters, which would make it invalid. The first opinion in the mishnah is not concerned with this possibility and therefore lets one use this flask in a normal manner. Rabbi Judah disagrees and says that such a flask can be used only one time. The second dipping might contain some hyssop resin and therefore is invalid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
ר' יהודה אומר הזייה ראשונה – we are not concerned/suspect regarding the first sprinkling, but the second sprinkling, because it (i.e., the water) was pressed to come out and also he sprinkled from them, they were all the more lessened and we are concerned with the second sprinkling lest there did not remain in the hyssop according to the measure. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
Hatat waters which were diminished, one may dip only the tips of the buds and sprinkle, provided the hyssop does not absorb [any of the moisture on the sides of the flask]. If there is not a lot of water left in the flask, it is still allowed to dip the hyssop back in to absorb whatever water is left. However, he shouldn't scrape the sides of the flask with the hyssop to pick up any extra moisture.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
לא יספג ([that the hyssop] does not absorb [moisture on the side of the flask as it is pulled out]) – that he will not wipe off/cleanse from the sides of the vessel or from its rim, as it is written (Numbers 19:18):”[A person who is pure shall take hyssop] dip it in the water,” but not absorb.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
If one intended to sprinkle in front of him and he sprinkled behind him, or behind him and he sprinkled in front of him, his sprinkling is invalid. If he intended to sprinkle in front of him and he sprinkled to the sides in front of him, his sprinkling is valid. For the sprinkling to be valid, he must sprinkle in the direction in which he intended. If he intended to sprinkle in front of him, and it landed to the sides but still in front of him, the sprinkling is still valid, because this still counts as "in front."
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
הזאתו פסולה – for we require the intention of sprinkling and indeed his intention was not performed.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
It is permitted to sprinkle upon a person with his knowledge or without his knowledge. One does not require the person's consent to sprinkle on him and purify him.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
ואפילו הן מאה – that we don’t require sprinkling on its own for each and every person or for each and every vessel.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
It is permitted to sprinkle upon a person and vessels even though there are a hundred of them. It is possible to sprinkle on multiple vessels and people at the same time, as long as water reaches each of them directly.
