Commentaire sur Oholot 5:2
אֲרֻבָּה שֶׁבֵּין הַבַּיִת לָעֲלִיָּה, וּקְדֵרָה נְתוּנָה עָלֶיהָ וּנְקוּבָה בְכוֹנֵס מַשְׁקֶה, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, הַכֹּל טָמֵא. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, הַקְּדֵרָה טְמֵאָה, וַעֲלִיָּה טְהוֹרָה. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, אַף הַקְּדֵרָה טְהוֹרָה:
Une trappe qui est entre la maison et l'étage supérieur, et un pot a été placé dessus et il a été perforé [par un trou assez grand] pour admettre du liquide: Beit Shammai dit: tout est impur. Beit Hillel dit: le pot est impur mais l'étage supérieur est pur. Rabbi Akiva dit: même le pot est pur.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ארובה (the opening/aperture in the roof looking to the ground floor) – like a kind of window that is on the roof of the house which is the bottom of the upper chamber.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
[With regard to] a hatch between the house and the upper story, if there was a pot placed over it and it was perforated [by a hole of sufficient size] to admit liquid: The opening between the house and the upper story has an earthenware pot placed over it. The pot cannot itself become impure because it is of earthenware. However, the pot has a hole in it large enough to let in a liquid and therefore the pot does not offer protection to the pure things in it, even if it is tightly sealed (see Kelim end of chapter 9). Just as we had three opinions in yesterday's mishnah with regard to the oven, today we have three opinions as to whether impurity in the house goes up through the pot into the upper story.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
בכונס משקה – when they place the vessel on the liquids that enter, the liquids enter into it through that incision.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
Bet Shammai says: all becomes unclean. Bet Shammai holds that since the pot is perforated it does not prevent the impurity from going up to the second story. The contents of both stories are impure.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
הכל טמא – if there is defilement in the house, the pot and everything that is on the upper chamber is ritually impure. For the pot does not protect, and the defilement ascends through the aperture which has an opening of a handbreadth.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
Bet Hillel says: the pot becomes unclean but the upper story remains clean. Bet Hillel says that since the pot has a hole large enough to admit liquids, it cannot protect its contents from becoming impure. However, for the impurity to go up to the second story the hole must be a handbreadth wide. Since this hole is much smaller, the contents of the second story remain clean.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ובית הלל אומרים הקדירה טמאה – it is a mere stringency that the School of Hillel is strict to invalidate to make the pot impure, for Rabbi Akiba holds that the pot protects over the defilement, as for example that the back of the pot faces downward near the defilement, for an earthenware vessel is not susceptible to receive ritual defilement rom its back. But the Halakha is according to the School of Hillel.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
Rabbi Akiva says: all remains clean. Rabbi Akiva says that the pot is considered to be in the second story and not in the first. Therefore, even the contents of the pot remain clean. As was the case in yesterday's mishnah, Rabbi Akiva seems to make a conscious attempt to rule leniently.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy