Si l'on se fait vœu de ceux qui se reposent le jour du sabbat, il est interdit aux Israélites et interdit aux Cuthites. Des mangeurs d'ail, il est interdit aux Israélites et interdit aux Cuthites. [L'une des dix ordonnances d'Esdras était de manger de l'ail les nuits de sabbat, l'ail augmentant le sperme, et la nuit du sabbat étant le temps conjugal des érudits de la Torah.] De ceux qui montent à Jérusalem, il est interdit aux Israélites et autorisé aux Cuthites. [Pour les Cuthites, ne montez pas (à Jérusalem) pour les fêtes, même si cela est ordonné par la Torah. Car ils détestent Jérusalem et ont choisi le mont Guérizim pour eux-mêmes.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
מאוכלי שום – one of ten enactments made by Ezra [the Scribe] that they would eat garlic on Friday evenings, because it increases seed (i.e., semen) and Friday evening is the time for fulfillment of marital duties of Sages (see also Tractate Ketubot, Chapter 5, Mishnah 6).
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
Introduction
According to the Talmud, the Samaritans descend from a group of non-Jews brought to Samaria (the north of Israel) by the Assyrians, see II Kings 17. They are called by the rabbis Cutheans because many of them came from Cuta. There is a debate in the Talmud whether or not there conversion was sincere. They seem to have partially assimilated into Israel. The main difference between Samaritans and other Israelites is that their Temple was, and remains to this day, on Mt. Gerizim. They do not recognize Jerusalem as a place of importance. Besides this difference, they observed many commandments as did the other Israelites, certainly those in the Bible but even some not mentioned in the Bible. Our mishnah reflects these similarities and differences between Israelites and Samaritans. [For more information on the Samaritans see either the Encyclopedia Judaica, or check out The Jewish Encyclopedia, which can be found for free on-line at www.jewishencyclopedia.com.]
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
ומותר בכותים – they do not make pilgrimage [to Jerusalem]. But even though that this is according to the Torah, because they hare Jerusalem and chose for themselves Mount Gerizim.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
He who vows [not to benefit] from those who rest on the Sabbath, is forbidden [to benefit] both from Israelites and Samaritans (. Samaritans and Israelites both kept the Sabbath, and therefore one who swears not to receive benefit from “those who rest on the Sabbath” may benefit from neither. However, he may benefit from non-Jews who do not rest on the Sabbath.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
If he vows [not to benefit] from garlic eaters, he may not benefit from Israelites and Samaritans (. According to most commentators, this refers to a custom to eat garlic on Friday evening in order to act as an aphrodisiac, for sexual relations, which are recommended on Friday night. Evidently, Samaritans observed this custom as well.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
From those who go up to Jerusalem, he is forbidden [to benefit] from Israelites but from Samaritans ( he is permitted. As stated in the introduction, Samaritans did not worship in Jerusalem. Therefore, one who swears not to receive benefit from those who “go up to Jerusalem” may receive benefit from Samaritans.
