Si quelqu'un a dit: "Je serai un Naziréen" et qu'il est devenu impur le trentième jour, il compense le tout (Naziritisme), [car il est devenu impur au milieu des jours du Naziritisme. Et nous ne disons pas que le trentième jour revient aux deux (naziritismes), qu'une partie de la journée est comme toute la journée, sauf quand il s'est rasé et a apporté des offrandes ce jour-là.] R. Eliezer dit: Il ne compense que sept jours (de purification pour son impureté). [Car il soutient que nous disons qu'une partie de la journée est comme toute la journée, et c'est comme s'il devenait impur après l'accomplissement (de son nazirisme). Et l'impureté après l'accomplissement, selon R. Eliezer, ne compense (c'est-à-dire ajoute) que sept.] (Si quelqu'un a dit :) "Je serai Naziréen pendant trente jours", s'il devenait impur le trentième jour, il compense le tout, [à la fois selon R. Eliezer et selon les rabbins. Car depuis qu'il a dit; «Je serai Naziréen pendant trente jours», tous conviennent qu'il lui faut trente jours complets et que nous ne disons pas dans ce cas: «une partie de la journée est comme toute la journée». Et R. Eliezer, qui soutient (3: 4) que celui qui devient impur le jour de l'accomplissement lui-même compense trente jours seulement, mais pas le tout, le tire de (Nombres 6:13): "Et c'est la loi de le Naziréen le jour de l'accomplissement "—S'il est devenu impur le jour de l'accomplissement, «donnez-lui» la loi du Naziréen; c'est-à-dire le nazirisme en général, trente jours— Ici, où il a dit: "Je serai un Naziréen pendant trente jours, et il devint impur le trentième jour, qui est le jour de l'accomplissement, quand il compense les trente, il compense le tout. Et les rabbins, aussi, qui diffèrent avec R. Eliezer, disant que celui qui devient impur le jour de l'accomplissement compense le tout, même s'il a compté plusieurs jours —ici, où il a dit: «Je serai Naziréen pendant trente jours», et il est devenu impur le jour de l'accomplissement, en compensant les trente, il compense le tout. De sorte qu'à la fois selon R. Eliezer et selon les rabbins, il compense le tout. Et partout où R. Eliezer et les sages diffèrent, la halakha est en accord avec les sages.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
נמצא יום שלשים סתר את הכל – for he was defiled in the midst of the days of his Naziriteship, and we don’t say that the thirtieth day counts both for here (i.e., the first Naziriteship) and there (i.e., the second Naziriteship), since part of a day is considered a complete day, but rather, when he shaved and brought his [hair] sacrifices on that day.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
Introduction
When a nazirite becomes impure he renders void the entire term of naziriteship that he has already observed. He must purify himself in the standard procedure, which takes seven days. He then shaves, brings a bird sacrifice and then he begins to count again (see Numbers 6:9-12). Our mishnah deals with one who has become impure on the thirtieth day of his nazirite period. This person has not yet brought the sacrifices which he brings at the end of his naziriteship.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
ר"א אומר אינו סותר אלא שבעה – for he holds that we say that part of a day is considered as a whole day and it is as if he became defiled after fulfilling [his Naziriteship], and defilement after fulfilling [his Naziriteship] according to Rabbi Eliezer does not lose anything other than seven [days].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
If one says, “Behold, I am a nazirite,” and becomes impure on the thirtieth day, he renders void the whole period. Rabbi Eliezer says: only seven days are void. According to the first opinion, even though he has reached the thirtieth day, and thereby completed his nazirite vow of unspecified duration, since he has not yet brought his sacrifices, his becoming impure renders the whole period void. He now has to become pure, shave and bring sacrifices and then start counting again. Rabbi Eliezer holds that this does not void all of the days which he has already served. Rather he waits seven days, during which he purifies himself and then brings the end of naziriteship sacrifices. According to Rabbi Eliezer, since on the thirtieth day he could have offered his sacrifices before he became impure, it is as if he completed his naziriteship, he just can’t offer his sacrifices until he becomes pure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
הריני נזיר שלשים יום נטמא יום ל' סתר את הכל – whether according to Rabbi Eliezer or according to the Rabbis, for since he said, “I am a Nazirite for thirty days,” everyone agrees that we require thirty complete days, and we don’t say in this that part of a day is considered a whole day. And Rabbi Eliezer who holds that a person (i.e., a Nazirite who is defiled on the fulfilling [the vow] exactly, loses only the thirtieth day and does not lose it all, we derive it from a Biblical verse, as it is written (Numbers 6:13): “This is the ritual of the nazirite: On the day that his term as Nazirite is completed.” If he is defiled on the day of completion, give him the Torah of Naziriteship, meaning to say an unspecified period of Naziriteship is thirty days; here that he said: “I am a Nazirite for thirty days,” and he was defiled on the thirtieth day which is the day of completion, since he lost all thirty, he lost everything. But the Rabbis also who dispute that of Rabbi Eliezer and state that someone who is defiled on the day of completion has lost everything and even if he counted a few days here, for when he said, “I am a Nazirite for thirty days and was defiled on the day of completion, since he also lost the thirtieth day, he lost everything; therefore, whether according to Rabbi Eliezer or according to the Rabbis, he lost everything, and in everything where Rabbi Eliezer and the Sages dispute, the Halakha is according to the Sages.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
[If one says,] “Behold, I am a nazirite for thirty days”, and becomes impure on the thirtieth day, the he renders void the whole period. However, if he vows to be a nazirite for thirty days, he must serve a full thirty days, as we learned in yesterday’s mishnah. In this case if he becomes impure on the thirtieth day, Rabbi Eliezer would agree that he has rendered the entire naziriteship void. He must become pure and then start counting again.
