Il n'y a pas de différence entre yom tov et Shabbath mais la nourriture (préparation) seule, (étant interdite le Shabbath mais permise le yom tov.) [Cette Michna est en accord avec Beth Shammai, qui dit (Beitsa 1: 5): "Ni un mineur, ni un loulav, ni un rouleau de la Torah ne peuvent être transportés dans le domaine public (sur yom tov), "car ils ne sont pas nécessaires pour manger. Mais ce n'est pas la halakha. Nous statuons conformément à Beth Hillel, qui dit que puisque le port était autorisé à des fins alimentaires, il était également autorisé à d'autres fins. Et il y a aussi d'autres choses, qui sont interdites le Shabbath mais permises le jour même même si elles ne sont pas destinées à manger, comme la chute de fruits par l'ouverture (voir Beitzah 5: 1), qui est autorisée sur yom tov, mais pas le Shabbath. Il n'y a pas de différence entre Shabbath et Yom Kippour, mais la transgression volontaire du premier est punissable par l'homme [peine de mort judiciaire], alors que la transgression volontaire du second est punissable par kareth ("coupure").
Bartenura on Mishnah Megillah
אין בין יו"ט לשבת אלא אוכל נפש בלבד – [See Mishnah Betzah, 5:2] Our Mishnah is according to [the teachings of] the School of Shammai, who say (Betza 12a), we don’t take out a young child or a Lulav or a Torah scroll into the public domain, since they lack the need for food preparation. And this is not the Halakha, but only according to the words of the School of Hillel, who say that since we are permitted to bring something out for the purposes of eating, it is also permitted to take them out not for the sake of eating. And there are also other things that are prohibited on Shabbat but permitted on Yom Tov/Jewish holy days, even though they are not for the sake of food preparation, such as [see Mishnah Betzah, 5:1] throwing down fruit (if it is about to rain) [that was spread out to dry on the roof] through a trap door on a Jewish holy day, but not on Shabbat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
Introduction
From here until the end of the chapter there is a series of mishnayot in which each mishnah begins with the literary structure of “there is no difference between x and y except,” the literary structure that we saw in yesterday’s mishnah. This type of structure is probably a result of the Mishnah’s being an oral text. Halakhot phrased in this style are simply easier to remember.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Megillah
שזה זדונו בידי אדם – [if one violates a Mitzvah willfully] on Shabbat , which has death by a Jewish court.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
There is no difference between Shabbat and Yom Tov except the preparation of food. All work prohibited on Shabbat is also prohibited on Yom Tov, except work done in the preparation of food. For further reading on this subject look at the introduction to tractate Betzah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
There is no difference between Shabbat and Yom HaKippurim except that the deliberate violation of the one is punished by a human court and the deliberate violation of the other by karet. An intentional transgression of Shabbat carries with it the death penalty, a punishment that is carried out by a human court. In contrast, an intentional transgression of Yom Kippur is not punished by a human court, but rather by karet, a punishment that is dished out by God.
