[Si] un morceau de viande non sacrée et un morceau de viande sacrée [se sont assis devant un individu et] il a mangé l'un d'entre eux mais ne sait pas lequel d'entre eux il a mangé, il est exempté. Le rabbin Akiva le juge responsable d'un Asham Talui . [Si] il [par la suite] a mangé le deuxième [morceau], il apporte un certain Asham . Si une personne a mangé le premier [morceau] et une autre personne est venue et a mangé le second, chacun d'eux apporte un Asham Talui , ce sont les paroles de Rabbi Akiva. Rabbi Shimon dit: Les deux amènent un Asham . Rabbi Yose dit: Deux personnes ne peuvent pas amener un seul Asham .
Bartenura on Mishnah Keritot
ור' עקיבא מחייב – Rabbi Akiva, according to his reasoning, that requires a suspending reparation/guilt sacrifice on doubtful benefit from religious sacrilege.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Keritot
Introduction
This mishnah continues to deal with the issue of doubtful sacrilege.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Keritot
שניהם מביאין אשם אחד – in partnership, and each one says to the other, “If you ae the piece of meat of Holy Things, may my portion be forgiven to you, and may the guilt offering be completely upon you.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Keritot
[If there was] a piece of hullin meat and a piece of sacred meat, and a person ate one of them and does not know which of them he ate, he is exempt. Rabbi Akiba declares him liable for an asham talui. This is the same debate we saw in mishnah two of this chapter. According to Rabbi Akiva one must bring an asham talui for a doubtful case of sacrilege.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Keritot
אין שנים מביאים אשם אחד – for he (i.e., Rabbi Yosi) does not hold he condition for sacrifices, but if it is according to the words of the Sages, both of them are exempt; if it is according to Rabbi Akiva, each one brings a suspensive guilt offering. But the Halakha is according to the Sages, for one does not bring a suspensive guilt offering on doubtful religious sacrilege.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Keritot
If he then ate the second [piece], he is liable to a certain asham. If he eats both pieces of meat, then we know for sure that he ate sacrificial meat, and he is obviously liable for sacrilege.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Keritot
If he ate one [piece] and another came and ate the other, each of them is liable to an asham talui, the words of Rabbi Akiba. Rabbi Shimon says: they together bring one asham. Rabbi Yose said: Two people cannot bring one asham. In this case, one person definitely ate a piece of sacrificial meat, but one person did not. According to Rabbi Akiva, they both bring an asham talui. Rabbi Shimon agrees in principle with Rabbi Akiva, but says that in this case, there is no need for them both to bring the asham talui. They can together bring one asham, and make a stipulation, that if person A ate the sacrificial meat, it is his sacrifice, and if person B ate the sacrificial meat, it is his sacrifice. Rabbi Yose says that such a system does not work and that two people cannot bring one asham. It seems that he would hold like Rabbi Akiva that each person must bring his own asham.
