Commentaire sur Kéilim 8:5
תַּרְנְגוֹל שֶׁבָּלַע אֶת הַשֶּׁרֶץ וְנָפַל לַאֲוִיר הַתַּנּוּר, טָהוֹר. וְאִם מֵת, טָמֵא. הַשֶּׁרֶץ שֶׁנִּמְצָא בַתַּנּוּר, הַפַּת שֶׁבְּתוֹכוֹ, שְׁנִיָּה, שֶׁהַתַּנּוּר תְּחִלָּה:
Si un coq a avalé un sheretz et est tombé dans l'espace aérien d'un four, le four reste pur. Si le coq meurt, le four devient impur. Si un sheretz a été trouvé dans un four, tout pain qu'il contient contracte l'impureté du deuxième degré puisque le four est du premier degré.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
ונפל אויר התנור טהור – all the time that the chicken is alive, the defilement was absorbed and does not defile.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If a rooster that swallowed a sheretz fell within the air-space of an oven, the oven remains clean; A source of impurity that is contained within a living being, such as a rooster, does not spread out and cause impurity to the vessel in which the rooster is found.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
ואם מת טמא – and it (i.e., the unclean reptile/insect) did not tarry in order to be consumed from the time it was swallowed until it (i.e., the chicken) died. And the measurement in order for it to be consumed (i.e., fully digested) in fowl, is from the time of twenty-four astronomical hours.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If the rooster died, the oven becomes unclean. However, if the rooster dies, it can no longer contain the impurity of the sheretz and the impurity of the sheretz will escape and defile the oven.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
הפת שבתוכו שניה – that we don’t view the oven like one that is filled with defilement and it is as if the unclean reptile came in contact with the bread, but rather, the oven is first degree, for the unclean reptile is a primary source of ritual defilement fell into inside and made it first-degree of ritual impurity. And the oven which is first degree, in turn, defiled the bread and made it second-degree of ritual impurity.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If a sheretz was found in an oven, any bread in it contracts second degree impurity since the oven is of the first degree. When a sheretz is found in an oven, contracts first degree impurity. The oven then imparts its impurity to the bread, which now has second degree impurity. We do not consider the air of the oven to be impure such that it directly defiles the bread. This would cause the bread to have first degree impurity. As we proceed we will learn about the practical differences between first and second degree impurity.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy