Une ouverture (dans un mur) entre deux cours, quatre par quatre (largeurs de main) au milieu de dix (tefachim) du sol [c'est-à-dire, si une partie, même une très petite partie, est à dix tefachim du sol] —deux eruvin sont faits, [chacun (cour) pour lui-même, et chacun interdit (portant de l'un à) l'autre.] Et s'ils le souhaitent, ils font un eruv, [ceux-ci (les hommes d'une cour) plaçant leur eruv dans le l'autre et ne faisant qu'un avec eux (les hommes de l'autre cour)]. Moins de quatre sur quatre ou plus de dix, deux éruvines sont fabriquées et une ne l'est pas. [Moins de quatre sur quatre n'est pas (considéré) une ouverture et n'est pas apte à passer de l'un à l'autre. Et s'il est au-dessus de dix, il ne se prête pas à l'utilisation. Par conséquent, un eruv n'est pas fait. Ceci, uniquement dans une cour sans toit; mais dans une maison couverte, même au-dessus de dix, on fait un eruv, il est d'usage de placer des bancs et des boîtes autour de la maison, pour qu'elle se prête à l'usage.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
חלון. בתוך י' – that it is a part of it and even a minimum amount within ten [handbreadths] nearest the ground.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Introduction
The first five mishnayot of this chapter deal with two courtyards that are adjacent to one another and whether or not they may make a joint eruv.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
מערבין שנים – two Eruvin, these to themselves and those to themselves and they are prohibited one with the other. .
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
If a window between two courtyards was four handbreadths by four handbreadths, and was within ten handbreadths [from the ground], the tenants prepare two eruvin or, if they want, they may prepare one. If there is a window which is four by four handbreadths and is less than ten handbreadths from the ground, then this window has the potential but not the necessity to join the two courtyards into one common domain. If the residents of the two courtyards make one joint eruv, then they may both carry in both courtyards, because both courtyards are in essence one. If they set up separate eruvin, the residents may carry only in their own courtyards.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
ואם רצו מערבין א' – one Eruv that they will their Eruv in the other one and make their Eruv with them and it will be one/united [for both].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
If [the size of the window was] less than four handbreadths by four handbreadths or higher than ten handbreadths from the ground, they may prepare two eruvin but not one. However, if the window was smaller than four by four handbreadths, or higher, then it doesn’t join the two courtyards and each can only set up their own eruv. The reason why the window does not join the two courtyards if it is set higher is that in such a case there is a full ten handbreadth wall separating the two. Such a wall is sufficient to count as a full separation. Furthermore, with a window this high it will be difficult to see from one courtyard into the other, helping separate their identities.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
פחות מד' – it is not an opening/door and it is not appropriate to pass from this one to that one, and above ten [handbreadths] it is not satisfactory; therefore, we don’t make one Eruv, and specifically in a courtyard that is not its source, but in the original house, even if it is above ten [handbreadths] we make one Eruv in the manner to place benches and chests around the house and it is usage is satisfactory.
