Si quelqu'un sortait [de sa ville] pour aller dans une ville pour laquelle ils avaient coutume de faire un érouv [c'est-à-dire, si les hommes de sa ville l'envoyaient déposer un érouv pour eux afin qu'ils puissent aller le lendemain à une ville pour laquelle ils avaient coutume de faire un érouv, étant à deux t'chumei Shabbath de leur distance, afin qu'ils puissent passer de l'un à l'autre au moyen d'un érouv], et son ami l'a renvoyé, [lui disant que il faisait trop chaud ou trop froid pour aller], il est autorisé à se rendre [le lendemain dans cette ville. Car depuis qu'il a pris la route pour acquérir une habitation à deux mille coudées de la ville, il est comme un pauvre homme qui dit: "Ma demeure est dans ce lieu", qui y acquiert une habitation], et tous les hommes de sa ville sont interdits . [Car ils n'ont pas pris la route et ils n'ont que deux mille coudées de chaque côté de leur ville.] Ce sont les paroles de R. Yehudah. R. Meir dit: Quiconque aurait pu faire un eruv (avec un pain) et ne l'a pas fait est comme un homme conduisant un âne et un chameau (voir 3: 4). [R. Meir se demande s'il est considéré comme «un homme pauvre», car il a quitté sa maison et a pris la route, ou non, puisqu'il aurait pu faire un érouv avec un pain et ne l'a pas fait. Par conséquent, il est comme celui qui mène un âne et un chameau. Il n'a pas deux mille coudées de tous les côtés de sa ville, car son habitation pourrait être le lieu où il allait pour placer son érouv, à deux mille coudées de sa ville. Et à la fin des deux mille, il n'acquiert pas non plus d'habitation vers l'autre ville, car il se peut qu'il n'acquière habitation que chez lui. La halakha est conforme à R. Yehudah.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
מי שיצא –[a person who left] from his city that the people of city sent him to bring to them an Eruv [with a piece of bread] in order that they would be able to walk on the morrow to a city that is making an Eruv for it that is near to them two Sabbath limits and one can walk from one to the other through [the use of] an Eruv.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Introduction
Our mishnah deals with two towns which are located in close proximity to one another (within 4000 cubits), and the people from one town customarily set up an eruv so that they can get to the other town on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
והחזירו חברו – for he said to him, it is a period of heat, or a period of cold.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
One who left to go to a town with which [his home town is wished to be] connected by an eruv, but a friend of his returned him home, he himself is allowed to go to the other town but all the other townspeople are forbidden, the words of Rabbi Judah. This person left his town to go set up a communal eruv that would allow him and the other people of his town to travel from their town to a neighboring town. While on the way, his friend tells him that he will set up the eruv instead, but then his friend does not set up the eruv. According to Rabbi Judah, the person who went out to set up the eruv may go to the other town on Shabbat, even though his friend never set up the eruv for him and the rest of the town. Since this person began to go on the way to where he wanted to set up his Shabbat place, his situation is like the person in mishnah seven who was traveling and saw a familiar point. In other words, since he sees where he wants to go, he may establish his Shabbat place there at a distance. This is an eruv set up by physical presence just at a distance. However, the other people of the town who were relying on an eruv of a meal cannot go to the other town because their eruv was not set up. They get the normal 2000 cubits in all directions
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
הוא מותר לילך – on the next day to the same other city for since he took possession of the path in order to purchase a Sabbath resting place at the end of two-thousand cubits away from the city, he is like a poor person who states that “my Sabbath resting place is in a certain place,” and he has acquired there his resting place.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Rabbi Meir says: whoeve is able to prepare an eruv and neglected to do so is like one who is both a donkey-driver and a camel-driver. Rabbi Meir disagrees with Rabbi Judah concerning the person who began to go on the road in order to set up his eruv. According to Rabbi Meir this person loses in both ways. He doesn’t get to go all the way to the city, because he didn’t set up his eruv, neither with bread, nor with a full declaration of “my Shabbat place shall be here.” However, he is also not allowed to walk 2000 cubits around his own city lest he did set for himself a “Shabbat place” on the way to the other city. All he may do is walk 2000 cubits from his city to the other city. Rabbi Meir compares this to a person driving a camel and a donkey, standing in between the two (see above 3:4, where we explained this image).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
וכל בני עירו אסורין – for they did not take possession of the path and they have nothing other than two-thousand cubits in every direction from their city.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
רמ"א וכו'- Rabbi Meir doubts whether he is poor since he left from his house and took possession of the path or perhaps because he was able to make an Eruv with bread or he didn’t make an Eruv, he is not a poor man; therefore he is an ass driver [or] a camel driver, who does not have two-thousand cubits from his city in every direction lest his Sabbath resting place is in the place where he was walking to bring there the Eruv at the end of the two-thousand [cubits] from his city and at the end of the two-thousand [cubits] from his city, he also did not acquire two-thousand [cubits] towards the side of another city – lest he did not acquire a Sabbath resting place other than in his own home, but the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.
