Commentaire sur Bekhorot 6:7
בַּעַל חָמֵשׁ רַגְלַיִם, אוֹ שֶׁאֵין לוֹ אֶלָּא שָׁלשׁ, וְשֶׁרַגְלָיו קְלוּטוֹת כְּשֶׁל חֲמוֹר, וְהַשָּׁחוּל, וְהַכָּסוּל. אֵיזֶהוּ שָׁחוּל, שֶׁנִּשְׁמְטָה יְרֵכוֹ. וְכָסוּל, שֶׁאַחַת מִיַּרְכוֹתָיו גְּבוֹהָה:
S'il a cinq pattes ou seulement trois, ou si ses sabots sont arrondis comme ceux d'un âne ou c'est un shachul ou un casul . Qu'est-ce qu'un shachul ? si sa hanche est luxée. Et casul ? si l'une de ses hanches est [trop] haute.
Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
בעל חמש רגלים או שלש – but that we calculate it as a blemish and not as “torn,” these words [apply] when it has more or less in its hands, that is, those of the side of the head, but missing a foot or having an additional foot from its back feet , it is a “torn” animal, and it is prohibited to be consumed.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bekhorot
Introduction
This mishnah deals with defects in the legs and feet.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
קלוט (an animal with un-cloven hooves – a sign of uncleanness – born of a clean animal, a monster or a hybrid) – round, and even if they are slit/cloven – it is a blemish, for the split hooves of an pure animal are not round.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bekhorot
If [a first born] has five legs or if it has only three legs, or if its feet are uncloven like that of a donkey, or if it is a shahul or a kasul [these are blemishes]. An extra or a missing leg renders an animal defective, as do several other defects in the leg.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
שחול (an animal with a dislocated hip) – that its thigh/haunch is detached. The Aramaic of “I drew him [Moses] out [of the water]” (see Exodus 2:10) is שחלתיה /”I drew him out.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bekhorot
What is a shahul? [An animal] with a dislocated hip. What is a kasul? [An animal] one of whose hips is higher than the other. The mishnah now defines the terms shahul and kasul. The first term refers to an animal with a dislocated hip, whereas the second term refers to an animal whose hips are of different height. Both defects make a first born animal fit for slaughter.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
כסול (an animal with a deformed hip) – it is the manner of an animal that the thigh/haunch is attached to the fat-tail near the groin, but not above from the grown, and in this one, the thigh/haunch is upon the groin.
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