Uno es responsable de ofrecer [sacrificios] fuera [del patio del Templo] independientemente de si son sacrificios válidos o sacrificios inválidos que quedaron descalificados dentro del [área] sagrada. Uno es responsable de ofrecer afuera [el patio del Templo] la mayor parte de una aceituna de un Olah [una ofrenda totalmente quemada] o sus porciones designadas. Uno es responsable de ofrecer afuera [el patio del Templo] una gran cantidad de aceitunas de Kometz [un puñado de la ofrenda de comida que el sacerdote lleva para poner sobre el altar], o el incienso, o el Ketoret [incienso sagrado ofrecido dos veces al día en el altar de oro dentro del Templo], o la ofrenda sacerdotal, o la ofrenda del ungido [sumo sacerdote], o la ofrenda de las libaciones; El rabino Elazar lo exime a menos que ofrezca la totalidad [de uno de estos elementos]. Y [con respecto a] todo esto, si uno los ofreció dentro [del patio del Templo], pero omitió el grueso de una aceituna y ofreció que fuera [del Templo], él es responsable. Y [con respecto a] todos estos, [si] les faltaba la cantidad más pequeña, uno está exento por ofrecerlos afuera [el patio del Templo].
Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
שהיה פסולן בקדש – as for example (see Tractate Zevakhim, Chapter 9, Mishnah 2), a sacrifice kept overnight or goes forth [from its proper bounds or it was slaughtered [with the intention to burn the sacrificial parts or to eat the flesh] outside of its proper time or outside of its proper place, since inside , if they were inside [the Temple courtyard], if it went up, it should not go down, we call it that that has been accepted inside but he is liable for it outside, as it is written (Leviticus 17:9): “[And does not bring it to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting] to offer it to the LORD/לעשות אתו לה', [that person shall be cut off from his people],”all that is offered/done for God, we are liable for outside [of the Temple courtyard], but all that is not offered/done for God, we are not liable for it outside [the Temple courtyard].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Introduction
This mishnah continues to deal with the prohibition of offering a sacrifice outside of the Temple.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
המעלה כזין מן העולה ומאימורין – half an olive’s bulk from this (i.e., the burnt offering) and half an olive’s bulk from that (i.e., the sacrificial parts offered on the altar).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
In regard to both valid sacrifices or invalid sacrifices which had become unfit within [the Temple]: if one offers them outside, he is liable. One is liable for offering up outside of the Temple either a valid sacrifice or an invalid sacrifice that had been invalidated while it was in the Temple. The rule with regard to such sacrifices is that if they are put on the altar they do not come down (see 9:2). However, if one offers up a sacrifice that had been disqualified outside of the Temple, one that if put up on the altar would have to be taken down, he is not liable.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
חייב – for all of it is a sacrifice burned entirely.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
If one offers up outside [the Temple] as much as an olive’s worth of an olah and its innards [combined], he is liable. In order to be liable for offering up a sacrifice outside the Temple, one must offer up at least an olive’s worth of flesh. The mishnah rules that when offering an olah, a sacrifice that is wholly burned, the flesh and the innards, which are always burned for every sacrifice, add up together. Assumedly, in a sacrifice that is partially eaten, the parts that are eaten would not be combined with the parts that are normally burned, in order to add up to the requisite olive’s worth.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
הלבונה – of the meal-offering of the free-will offering.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
As for the fistful [of flour], the frankincense, the incense, the priests’ meal-offering, the anointed priest’s meal-offering, and the meal offering of libations, if [one] offered up as much as an olive of one of these outside, he is liable. But Rabbi Elazar exempts him unless he offers up the whole of them. All of the types of sacrifices listed in this section were explained in 4:3. They are all completely burned on the altar, without any of their parts being eaten by priests or non-priests. According to the first opinion, even though they are completely burned, if one offers up even a part of them outside of the Temple, he is liable. Rabbi Elazar disagrees and holds that just as they must be completely burned on the altar if done properly, so too in order for one to be liable for offering them outside the Temple, they must be completely offered.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
והקטורת – of each day, half of it in the morning and half of it at twilight.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
In all of these cases, if they offered them within, and left over an olive’s worth and one offered it outside, he is liable. Rabbi Elazar, however, agrees that if most of one of the above-mentioned things is offered on the altar, and then an olive’s worth is left over and offered outside the Temple, that one is liable. Since this olive’s worth completes the offering of the sacrifice, one is liable for offering it up outside.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
ומנחת כהנים – a sacrifice which is burned entirely and appropriate for offering up like a fistful of the meal-offering of an Israelite. But the remnants of the meal-offering of an Israelite are not liable on their being brought up outside [the Temple courtyard].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
In all of these cases, if they became lacking something, and one offered them outside, he is not liable. The sacrifices in section three must be completely offered for them to be valid. Therefore, if even the smallest part of them is missing and one offers it up outside the Temple, he is not liable. In other words, since this would not have been valid had it been offered on the altar, it doesn’t make one liable if offered outside.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
מנחת כהן משיח – one-tenth of an Ephah which he brings on each day.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
כזית – which is the measurement of the incense.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
עד שיקריב את כולו – because he (i.e., Rabbi Eliezer) holds that all which make the sacrifice permissible for enjoyment invalidate that which is lacking/wanting, and all the time that all of them were not offered the incense does not fulfill their owners’ spiritual obligation. But according to the Rabbis, these also is their burning on the altar/rising in smoke with an olive’s bulk, where all of it exists and they were not lacking prior to the burning on the altar.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
ושייר מהן וכו' חייב – for behold through this the burning on the altar/letting rise in smoke is completed/
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
שחסרו כל שהן – prior to the burning on the altar through loss or burning, they were invalidated by their missing parts, as it is written (Leviticus 2:3): “And the remainder of the grain offering [shall be for Aaron and his sons, a most holy portion from the LORD’s gifts],” except for that which was missing, or that a handful was missing prior to the burning on the altar.
