Comentario sobre Terumot 1:6
חֲמִשָּׁה לֹא יִתְרֹמוּ, וְאִם תָּרְמוּ, תְּרוּמָתָן תְּרוּמָה. הָאִלֵּם, וְהַשִּׁכּוֹר, וְהֶעָרוֹם, וְהַסּוּמָא, וּבַעַל קֶרִי. לֹא יִתְרֹמוּ, וְאִם תָּרְמוּ, תְּרוּמָתָן תְּרוּמָה:
[Cinco tipos de personas] no podrán suprimir Terumah , y si lo hicieron a un lado Terumah , su Terumah no es [válida] Terumah : el silencio, el borracho, los desnudos, los ciegos, y una Keri Baal [quien había una emisión nocturna] no podrán suprimir Terumah , y si lo hicieron a un lado Terumah , su Terumah es [válida] Terumah .
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
חמשה לא יתרומו – This number excludes from what Rabbi Yehuda said [in Mishnah 3] that a minor who donated the priest’s due/heave-offering, his donation is an offering.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Introduction
This mishnah is the foil to the first mishnah of the tractate, where we learned of five categories of people who may not give terumah and if they do, their terumah is not terumah. Today we learn of five categories of people who should not give terumah, but if they do, their terumah is valid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
האלם – and he hears but stopped speaking as a result of illness, he should not donate priest’s due because he is unable to recite the Blessing. And similarly, is unable to recite the blessing , as it is written (Deuteronomy 23:15): “[Since the LORD your God moves about in your camp to protect you…]; let Him not find anything unseemly among you [and turn away from you];” at the time when you speak about it, He will not find anything unseemly.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Five may not give terumah, but if they do, their terumah is terumah.
A mute person; The mute person cannot recite a blessing, therefore he should not give terumah. However, he is assumed to be intelligent, and therefore if he does give terumah, it is valid.
A mute person; The mute person cannot recite a blessing, therefore he should not give terumah. However, he is assumed to be intelligent, and therefore if he does give terumah, it is valid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ובעל קרי – also at the time of the ordinance in His presence for since his ritual immersion has been nullified, he was not able to recite the blessing as it is taught in the Mishnah [i.e. Berakhot, Chapter 3, Mishnah 4] that one to whom a pollution (i.e., nocturnal emission) occurred, only thinks (i.e., recites the Shema] in his heart (which, according to Talmud Berakhot 20b – that reviewing a passage in one’s mind is as good as loud recitation).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
A drunken person; One who is drunk will probably not know how to properly separate terumah, and therefore he shouldn’t do it. However, if he does, his terumah is valid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
והשכור והסומא – who do not know how to single out/sift from that which is fine and we require that the person who donates the priest’s due/Terumah sift and donate that which is fine, as it is written (Numbers 18:29): “from each thing its best portion, [the part thereof that is to be consecrated];” and a drunk person is called such as all who are unable to speak in the presence of the King as a result of his drunkenness.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
One who is naked; A naked person cannot recite a blessing, therefore he shouldn’t give terumah. But if he did, the terumah is valid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
A blind person; A blind person shouldn’t give terumah lest he doesn’t know what he is giving from. He may give from the bad produce to exempt the good which is not a preferable way of giving terumah. However, unlike deaf-mutes who were considered to lack intelligence because they couldn’t communicate, blind people could communicate perfectly well, and therefore, if they did separate terumah, it is valid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Or one who has had a seminal emission. They may not give terumah, but if they do their terumah is valid. One who has had a seminal emission cannot recite a blessing until he goes to the mikveh (Berachot 3:6). Therefore, he shouldn’t separate terumah, but if he does do so, it is valid.
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