Comentario sobre Sucá 4:2

לוּלָב שִׁבְעָה כֵּיצַד, יוֹם טוֹב הָרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁל חָג שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּשַׁבָּת, לוּלָב שִׁבְעָה, וּשְׁאָר כָּל הַיָּמִים, שִׁשָּׁה:

Lulav —Siete. ¿Cómo es eso? Si el primer día del festival se cayó en Shabat, lulav—Siete. [Para el primer día (del festival) anula Shabat, que tiene una base en la Torá (para tomar el lulav incluso) en las fronteras (es decir, fuera del Templo), a saber. (Levítico 23:40): "Y tomarán para ustedes el primer día"]. Todos los otros días, seis. [Si el primer día del festival se cae en alguno de los días de la semana, de modo que Shabat se cae en Chol Hamoed, no se anula. Y a pesar de que los siete días se obtienen en el Templo por la ley de la Torá, los sabios establecieron su decreto (en contra de tomar el lulav) para los otros días del festival, ya que no tienen bases de la Torá (para tomar el lulav) en las fronteras (en esos días). Y, en verdad, incluso hoy la toma de la lulav debería anular el Shabat el primer día del festival; pero debido a que no somos expertos en la fijación de la Luna Nueva, de modo que (ese día) no sea el primer día del festival, no anulamos el sábado en base a una posibilidad. Y al tomarlo, no hay trabajo de sábado (proscrito por la Torá), sino simplemente el movimiento del mismo. (Aún así, está prohibido) no sea que lo tome en su mano y vaya a un experto para aprender la bendición o el orden de los temblores (na'anuim) y venga a llevarlo cuatro codos en el dominio público. Y esta es también la razón por la que no tocamos el shofar ni leemos la Meguilá (en Shabat)].

Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah

לולב שבעה – for the first day [of Sukkot] supersedes the Sabbath because it has the essential [principle] from the Torah outside of Jerusalem, as it is written (Leviticus 23:40): “ On the first day you shall take [the product of hadar trees, branches of palm trees, boughs of leafy trees, and willows of the brook, and you shall rejoice before the LORD your God seven days].”

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English Explanation of Mishnah Sukkah

“The lulav for seven.” How so? If the first day of the festival fell on Shabbat, the lulav [is taken for] seven days; on any other day, [it is taken] for six.
As we have learned before, outside of Jerusalem it is a mitzvah from the Torah to take the lulav only on the first day of the festival. Hence, if the first day of the festival falls on Shabbat, one still performs the mitzvah of the lulav. We saw this described above in 3:13. In such a case the lulav will be taken for seven days one day in which the mitzvah is “deoraita” from the Torah, and the rest of the days it is “derabbanan” from the rabbis.
However, if Shabbat falls on another day besides the first day of the festival, then since the mitzvah is only of rabbinic origin, it is not observed. In other words, the derabanan mitzvah of the lulav does not override the Shabbat. In such a case the mitzvah is observed for only six days.
Since the time of the Babylonian Talmud it has become customary not to take the lulav on Shabbat, even if it falls on the first day of the festival. However, this is not the custom reflected in the mishnah.

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Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah

ושאר כל הימים – if the First Day [of Sukkot] occurs on the other days of the week, and it is found that Shabbat occurs during the Intermediate Days of the Festival, it does not supersede [the Sabbath], and even though, from the Torah, all seven [are observed] in the Temple, the Sages preserved their decree on the other days of the Festival [of Sukkot] since they lack the principle from the Torah outside of Jerusalem. But by law, even in our times, the Lulav would supersede the Sabbath on the First Day of the Festival [of Sukkot], but because we are not expert in the establishment of the month, and lest that it is not the first day of the Festival, therefore, it does not supersede the Sabbath from doubt. But the reason that they (i.e., the Sages) decreed to not take up the Lulav on the Sabbath, for in taking it up, there is no [violation] of work other than merely carrying, and it was decreed lest he take it in his hand and would walk to someone expert to learn the blessing and the order of the Wavings [of the Lulav] and cause to pass four cubits in the public domain, and that is the reason for the Shofar [which is prohibited to carry on Shabbat] and that is the reason for the Megillah [which is prohibited to carry on Shabbat].

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