"Te vestí si no vienes y testificas de mí que ese hombre me debe una promesa, y me dice yad (literalmente," una colocación en la mano ") [es decir, un préstamo, dinero" colocado en la mano de otro "] y (restauración de) robo y un objeto perdido "[es decir, encontró algo que perdí] —(Si dicen :) "Juramos que no conocemos ningún testimonio para usted", son responsables de uno solo. (Si dicen :) "Juramos que no sabemos que ese hombre le debe una prenda, un tsometh yad, un robo y un objeto perdido", son responsables de cada uno. "Te vestiré si no vienes y atestiguas por mí que ese hombre me debe una prenda de trigo, cebada y espelta". "Juramos que no conocemos ningún testimonio para usted", son responsables solo de uno. "Juramos que no conocemos testimonio de usted de que ese hombre le debe trigo y cebada, y deletreados, son responsables de cada uno. [El primero nos informa de un tipo (es decir, dinero) y reclamos distintos; el segundo , de un reclamo— una promesa — y tipos distintos.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
תשומת יד – a loan, that he placed money in his hand.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
Introduction
Mishnah five discusses combining several oaths into one oath or separating one oath into several oaths.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
“I adjure you that you come and bear testimony for me that there are of mine in the possession of so-and-so a deposit, a loan, a stolen object, and a lost object”; [And they respond]: “We swear we know no testimony for you”, they are liable only once. “We swear we know not that there are of yours in the possession of so-and-so a deposit, a loan, a stolen object, and a lost object”, they are liable for each one. In the scenario in this section a person adjures witnesses to testify that another person has in his possession a deposit, a loan, a stolen object and a lost object that belong to him (the first person). If the witnesses swear falsely that they know no testimony, they are only obligated for having sworn one false oath of testimony. Since they made only one oath they can be obligated only once. If however, they swear four different oaths, by separately mentioning the deposit, loan, stolen object and lost object, then they are obligated for four false oaths. Since they separated their response into four details they have sworn four oaths and they are obligated for each one.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
חטין ושעורין וכוסמין – the first clause [of the Mishnah] teaches us of one species and disputed claims, and the concluding clause [of the Mishnah] teaches us of one claim all of them are deposits, and disputed species.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
“I adjure you that you bear testimony for me that there is of mine in the possession of so-and-so a deposit of wheat, barley, and spelt”; [And they respond]: “We swear we know no testimony for you”, they are liable only once. “We swear we know no testimony for you that there is of yours in the possession of so-and-so a deposit of wheat, barley, and spelt”, they are liable for each one. The scenario in this section is similar to the scenario in the previous section. The only difference is that here at issue are three different kinds of grain. Again, if the witnesses combine their denial into one oath, then they are obligated only once. If they separate the oath into three different details they will be obligated for each detail.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
Questions for Further Thought: Why does the mishnah need to teach section two after having already taught section one? Would you have been able to learn the ruling with regards to section two from having known only section one?
