Comentario sobre Sheviit 2:3
מְסַקְּלִין עַד רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה. מְקַרְסְמִין, מְזָרְדִין, מְפַסְּלִין, עַד רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה. רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, כְּזֵרוּדָהּ וּכְפִסּוּלָהּ שֶׁל חֲמִשִּׁית, כָּךְ שֶׁל שִׁשִּׁית. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁאֲנִי רַשַּׁאי בַּעֲבוֹדַת הָאִילָן, רַשַּׁאי אֲנִי בְּפִסּוּלוֹ:
Uno puede limpiar piedras hasta Rosh Hashaná . Se puede podar, adelgazar y eliminar la descomposición [de los árboles] hasta Rosh Hashaná . El rabino Yehoshua dice, así como el adelgazamiento y corte del quinto [entrando al sexto], así también el sexto [entrando al séptimo]. El rabino Shimon dice, mientras se me permita cultivar el árbol, se me permite lidiar con su descomposición.
Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
מסלקין – they remove the stones.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Introduction
Most of today’s mishnah deals with pruning a tree on the sixth year.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
מקרסמין (trim trees) – like מכרסמין with a KAF (trimming) from the language of (Psalms 80:14): “Wild boars gnaw at it [and creatures of the field feed on it],” meaning to say, they sever and cut the dry branches from the tree.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
They may clear away stones until Rosh Hashanah. Clearing away stones is permitted all the way until the end of the sixth year. It is prohibited, however, during the sabbatical year itself, although this prohibition is only derabanan.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
מזרדין (trim, nip shoots off) – themoist branches when they are many, it is customary to cu them and leave some of them and that is trimming/cutting shoots off/thinning.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
They may trim, prune and remove [excess parts of the tree] until Rosh Hashanah. These are three different words for removing parts of the tree in order to give it more room to grow, or for it to grow stronger. These three activities are all permitted up until Rosh Hashanah, again because they are not biblically prohibited during the sabbatical year.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
מפסלין (cut off dry dwigs/trim)- that he takes the refuse, and there are those who interpret [the word] מפסלין as the language of (Exodus 34:1): “Carve [two tablets of stone like the first,]” that they cut all the branches that are on the tree in order that they would become thick.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Rabbi Joshua says: just as one may trim and remove in the fifth year so too may one perform this work in the sixth year. Albeck explains that according to Rabbi Joshua, the pruning of the sixth year must be like that of the fifth year. If the pruning done in the fifth year continues into the sixth year, then the pruning done in the sixth year may continue into the seventh year. However, if the pruning done in the fifth year ends before Rosh Hashanah, then the following year’s pruning must also end before Rosh Hashanah. In other words, he sets his pattern in the fifth year and he must continue to follow it in the sixth year.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
כזירודה וכפיסולה של חמישית וכו' – the first Tanna/teacher did not permit it other than until Rosh Hashanah of the Seventh Yeaer. But Rabbi Yehoshua held that the Fifth Year is like the Sixth [Year]; just as the Fifth Year enters into the Sixth [Year], so, the Sixth [Year] enters into the Seventh [Year], and just as they trim/nip shoos off of the Fifth [Year] in the Sixth [Year], so they trim/nip shoots off of the Sixth [Year] in the Seventh [Year]
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Rabbi Shimon says: as long as I may legally tend the tree itself, I may remove [excess parts of it]. In the sixth year one may tend the tree by plowing around it only up until Shavuot. Therefore, according to Rabbi Shimon, one may prune it only up until Shavuot as well. To Rabbi Shimon pruning is just another form of tending the tree, and hence the same rules apply.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
ור' שמעון אומר – From Atzeret/Shavuot and onwards, working of (the Land0 is prohibited [the Tree] is prohibited also in trimming and cutting off dry twigs, and there are three disputes in the matter, and the Halakha is according to the first Tanna/teacher.
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