Comentario sobre Peah 8:5
אֵין פּוֹחֲתִין לָעֲנִיִּים בַּגֹּרֶן מֵחֲצִי קַב חִטִּים וְקַב שְׂעוֹרִים. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, חֲצִי קַב. קַב וָחֵצִי כֻסְּמִין, וְקַב גְּרוֹגָרוֹת, אוֹ מָנֶה דְּבֵלָה. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, פְּרָס. חֲצִי לֹג יָיִן. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, רְבִיעִית. רְבִיעִית שֶׁמֶן. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, שְׁמִינִית. וּשְׁאָר כָּל הַפֵּרוֹת, אָמַר אַבָּא שָׁאוּל, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּמְכְּרֵם וְיִקַּח בָּהֶם מְזוֹן שְׁתֵּי סְעֻדּוֹת:
No se debe dar menos [ Ma'aser Ani ] a los pobres desde la era [que las siguientes medidas]: medio Kav [unidad de volumen específica] de trigo y un Kav de cebada - Rabino Meir dice: medio Kav ; un Kav y medio de kasha; un Kav de higos secos o un Maneh [unidad de volumen específica] de higos - el rabino Akiva dice: un Pras [medio Maneh ]; medio tronco [una cuarta parte de un Kav ] de vino - el rabino Akiva dice: un cuarto; un cuarto de un registro de petróleo - Rabí Akiva dice: Un octavo [de eso]. En cuanto al resto del producto, Abba Shmuel dijo: Suficiente como para poder venderlo y comprar comida para dos comidas.
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
[They must give] a kav and a half of spelt, a kav of dried figs or a maneh of pressed figs. Rabbi Akiva says: half a maneh.
[They must give] half a log of wine. Rabbi Akiva says: a quarter.
[They must give] a quarter [log] of oil. Rabbi Akiva says: an eighth.
As for other kinds of produce: Abba Shaul says, [they must give enough] so that he can sell it and buy food enough for two meals.
Our mishnah deals with poor man’s tithe, the tithe given to the poor in the third and sixth year of a sabbatical cycle. As we have seen above, there is a difference between poor man’s tithe and the other agricultural gifts. Whereas the other agricultural gifts (peah, leket, forgotten sheaves etc.) are collected by the poor themselves, the field owner gives poor man’s tithe directly to the poor. Our mishnah instructs how much of the poor man’s tithe the owner should give to each poor person. He doesn’t just give all of his tithes to the first poor person that he sees. Rather he gives a minimum amount to each poor person who comes his way this way there will be tithes left over for others who come later.
The mishnah itself should be easily understood and hence I have refrained from commenting below.