Comentario sobre Peah 4:8
כַּיּוֹצֵא בוֹ, הַמַּקְדִּישׁ פֵּרוֹתָיו עַד שֶׁלֹּא בָאוּ לְעוֹנַת הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, וּפְדָאָן, חַיָּבִין. מִשֶּׁבָּאוּ לְעוֹנַת הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, וּפְדָאָן, חַיָּבִין. הִקְדִּישָׁן עַד שֶׁלֹּא נִגְמְרוּ וּגְמָרָן הַגִּזְבָּר, וְאַחַר כָּךְ פְּדָאָן, פְּטוּרִים, שֶׁבִּשְׁעַת חוֹבָתָן הָיוּ פְטוּרִים:
Del mismo modo, si uno dedica su fruto antes de Onat Ma'asrot [el punto en el desarrollo de un fruto cuando se vuelve sujeto al diezmo], y los redime, están obligados. Si [los dedica] después de Onat Ma'asrot y los redime, están obligados. Si él los dedicó antes de que estuvieran maduros y maduraron [mientras estaban poseídos] por el tesorero, y luego los redimió, están exentos, porque en el momento en que se habrían obligado, estaban exentos.
Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
עד שלא באו לעונת המעשרות – that is giving the pile of grain an even shape when he smooths the face of the pile with a winnowing shovel, but if at that same time, if they were in the hand of the [Temple] treasurer, they are exempt, and if not, the Sanctification does not redeem them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
Introduction
This mishnah teaches a very similar ruling to the mishnah that we learned yesterday, regarding one who dedicates his agricultural produce and then redeems it. Today’s topic is tithes, whereas yesterday we learned about the gifts that go to the poor.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Peah
וגמרן הגזבר – when it had been processed while still in the hand of the treasurer.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
Similarly one who dedicates his produce prior to the stage when they are subject to tithes and then redeemed them, they are liable [to be tithed]. Produce becomes liable to be tithed once it has been harvested, processed and made into a pile. Before this point he may eat of it without tithing. In the scenario in this section, he dedicates it before it becomes liable to be tithed and then he redeems it before it comes liable to be tithed. He is then liable to tithe the produce when it becomes liable for tithes.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
If [he dedicated them] when they had already become subject to tithes and then redeemed them, they are liable [to be tithed]. In this case he dedicated it and redeemed it after he became liable for tithing, so again, he is liable to tithe the produce before he goes ahead and uses it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Peah
If he dedicated them before they had ripened, and they became ripe while in the possession of the [Temple] treasurer, and he then redeemed them, they are exempt, since at the time when they would have been liable, they were exempt. In this case, he dedicates it before it is even a third ripe and then the produce ripens, is harvested and the Temple treasurer makes the grain into a pile. Since the grain was in the legal possession of the Temple when it became liable for tithes, he is not liable for tithes when he redeems it.
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