Comentario sobre Keilim 25:7
כָּל הַכֵּלִים יֶשׁ לָהֶן אֲחוֹרַיִם וָתוֹךְ, וְיֶשׁ לָהֶם בֵּית צְבִיעָה. רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן אוֹמֵר, לַעֲרֵבָה גְדוֹלָה שֶׁל עֵץ. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, לְכוֹסוֹת. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, לְיָדַיִם הַטְּמֵאוֹת וְהַטְּהוֹרוֹת. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי, לֹא אָמְרוּ אֶלָּא לְיָדַיִם הַטְּהוֹרוֹת בִּלְבָד:
Todos los buques tienen [una distinción, con respecto al estado de pureza, entre sus] exteriores e interiores y una [distinción similar para su] lugar de espera. El rabino Tarfon dice: [este es el caso] con respecto a un comedero. El rabino Akiva dice: con respecto a las tazas. El rabino Meir dice: [la distinción de un lugar de espera solo se dijo] con respecto a las manos impuras y puras. El rabino Yose dice: dijeron esto solo con respecto a las manos puras.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
בית הצביטה (that part of the vessel by which it is seized, handle, neck, cavity for the fingers) – We have the reading [בית הצביטה ] )whereas the Mishnah has the reading of "בית הצביעה"). It is the place where we hold the vessel, when we move it to and fro. It is the language of (Ruth 2:14): “He (i.e., Boaz) handed her roasted grain, [and she ate her fill and had some left over],” whose meaning is that he handed to her. And there are those who have the reading "בית הצביעה", the place where one holds it with his finger.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Introduction
Today's mishnah deals with the "bet tzviah" the rabbinic word for the place where the vessel is held. This is not a handle but rather an indentation in the wall of the vessel from where the vessel can be held. It is considered part of both the inner and outer sides of the vessel. If unclean liquids touch the bet tzviah the inner and outer sides remain pure. And if the outer part of the vessel becomes impure, the bet tzviah is still pure. But if the inner side of the vessel becomes impure, the entire vessel is impure.
In the mishnah various sages debate the applicability of this law.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
ויש להן בית צביטה – if the backsides were defiled, the place of the handle is ritually pure. But if the handle became defiled, its backsides are ritually pure.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
All vessels have outer and inner sides and have a part by which they are held. According to the first opinion in the mishnah, all vessels have a part by which they are held. This means that the rule reported in the introduction can apply to any vessel that has an indentation by which the vessel may be held.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
לערבה גדולה של עץ [(the distinction in the outer parts applies] only in a large wooden trough) – it has a part of the vessel by which it is seized. But not with the rest of the vessels. That the large trough has a separation between the place where it is seized and its backsides, that if there are liquids on the backsides of the trough and his hands are impure, he holds on to the part of the vessel by which it is seized, and he doesn’t worry lest he come in contact with the liquids on its backside, and once again defile the trough.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Tarfon says: this applies only to a large wooden [kneading] trough. Rabbi Tarfon limits this rule to a large wooden trough. The result is that if impure liquids came into contact with the outside of the trough, he can hold the trough by this part without his hands being defiled. This might be important if the kneader wants to ensure the purity of the bread, such that pure hallah could be separated from it and given to the kohen. But when it comes to other vessels, they are not considered as having a bet tzviah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
ר' עקיבא אומר לכוסות – even for cups they have a place where he grabs hold of the vessel.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Akiva says: it applies to cups. Rabbi Akiva says that the rule [also] applies to cups. This will allow one to drink from a cup whose outer side has become impure without defiling one's hands and perhaps defiling the contents of the cup.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
לידים הטמאות והטהורות – there is a distinction between the place where one grabs hold of the vessel and its backsides, for impure hands, as has been explained. But for pure hands, it is as it explains further on how so (see the next Mishnah). But Rabbi Yossi holds that for pure hands alone we should not be concerned, but for impure hands, we should be concerned. And the Halakha is according to the first Tanna/teacher, as Rabbi Yossi explains.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Meir says: it applies to unclean and clean hands. According to Rabbi Meir, if one's hands are unclean and the outer side of the vessel is clean and there is some liquid on the outside of the vessel, one can hold the bet tzviah and need not be concerned lest these liquids become unclean and defile the vessel. This is what Rabbi Meir means when he says that these laws apply to unclean hands. Tomorrow's mishnah will explain how they apply to clean hands, so stay tuned!
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Yose says: they said this only concerning clean hands. Rabbi Yose limits the applicability of these laws to clean hands. This shall be explained in tomorrow's mishnah. But if he has clean hands and he holds the vessel by its bet tzviah, he must be concerned lest the liquids were defiled and they would thereby defile the cup.
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