Todos pueden completar (la firma de) un "calvo" [incluso un fiador; incluso uno que no es apto para ser testigo por transgresión]. Estas son las palabras de Ben Naness. R. Akiva dice: Solo los parientes que son aceptables como testigos en otros casos [es decir, que no son aptos como testigos per se, sino solo por ser parientes] (solo aquellos) pueden completarlo, [pero no un fiador o un ladrón. Un fiador, porque podría llegar a ser considerado como "pedigrí" (es decir, no un fiador); un ladrón, porque podría suponerse que se ha arrepentido (y que es aceptable como testigo en todos los casos). Pero todos reconocen a los parientes como tales. La halajá está de acuerdo con Ben Naness, para que todos puedan completarla. En cualquier caso, solo un testigo no apto puede firmar al respecto; todos los demás deben estar en forma.] ¿Qué es un "calvo" Uno cuyos pliegues son más numerosos que sus testigos.
Bartenura on Mishnah Gittin
הכל משלימין עליו – and even a slave, and even someone who is ineligible to provide testimony on account of sin.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Gittin
Introduction
At the end of yesterday’s mishnah we learned that a woman who was divorced with a “bald get” is not divorced. Our mishnah explains what a “bald get” is and how it can be fixed.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Gittin
אלא קרוב שהוא ראוי להעיד בעדות אחרת – for he doesn’t have disqualification to give testimony other than for those near. But a slave or a thief cannot. A slave, - perhaps he will come to bring up genealogical connections; and a thief, perhaps he will come to say that he effectuated repentance; but someone related, everyone knows concerning him that he is a relative, and the Halakah is according to Ben Nanas that anyone may complete it. Nevertheless, only one ineligible witness may affix his signature upon it, and all the rest, require that all of them are valid [witnesses].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Gittin
A “bald” get anyone can complete its signatures, the words of Ben Nannas. But Rabbi Akiva says that it may be completed only by relatives who are qualified to testify elsewhere. What is a “bald” get? One which has more folds than signatures. It would be helpful to explain this mishnah backwards. The end of the mishnah clarifies that a “bald get” is one which has more folds than signatures. As I explained yesterday, some documents were folded and sewn on the folds to prevent forgeries. One person would sign on each fold, and there could be many folds. If there are any folds without signatures, then the document/get is invalid. However, in order to validate this get, it need not have perfectly acceptable witnesses sign. According to Ben Nannas, if at least two valid witnesses have already signed all that is needed is an additional signature for each fold and, that signature may be from a person who normally disqualified from testifying. This would include relatives and gamblers. Rabbi Akiva restricts the leniency to relatives who would otherwise be allowed to testify, but would not normally be allowed to in this case. Gamblers and others who are always invalid could not complete the “bald get.”
