Y R. Yehudah dijo además: Uno estipula sobre una canasta el primer día de las vacaciones y se la come el segundo día. [Una canasta con frutas de tevel (productos sin título)—uno lo estipula el primer día de Rosh Hashaná, diciendo: "Si hoy es chol (no iom tov), que esto sea terumah para aquellos; y si hoy es kodesh, no hay nada en mis palabras". Para terumoth no se separan en yom tov. Y al día siguiente dice: "Si ayer fue kodesh y hoy es chol, que lo que designé ayer sea terumah para estos; y si hoy es kodesh y ayer fue chol, ya es terumah". Y él come (de) la cesta diezmada y se va sobre el terumah.] Y los sabios no estuvieron de acuerdo con él. [Los "sabios" aquí son R. Yossi (como arriba), quien sostiene que son una santidad y que terumah no puede separarse al respecto. Y esto es así solo con los dos días de Rosh Hashaná, como se explicó anteriormente.] Del mismo modo (R. Yehudah dijo que) un huevo eclosionado el primer día [de Rosh Hashaná] se puede comer el segundo. [Porque si el primero es kodesh, el segundo es chol; y un huevo incubado en yom tov está permitido en chol, no habiendo hachanah ("preparación") para chol. Y si el primero es chol y el segundo kodesh, el chol se encuentra, apropiadamente, preparándose para kodesh.] Y los sabios no estuvieron de acuerdo con él [frente a los dos días de Rosh Hashaná solo, considerándolos como uno solo santidad; pero coincidieron con él en relación con los dos días festivos del exilio.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
מתנה אדם על הכלכלה – a basket that he has of fruits that are eatables forbidden the separation of sacred gifts, he makes a condition about the on the first Holy Day of Rosh Hashanah and states, “if today is a weekday, this will be heave offering on these, but if today is a Holy Day [of Rosh Hashanah], there is nothing in my words,” for we don’t collect heave-offering/Terumah on Yom Tov. And on the morrow, he states, “if yesterday was Holy and today is a weekday, may this that I stated yesterday regarding this [produce] be heave-offering on this, but if today is a Holy Day and yesterday was a weekday, it already was heave-offering/Terumah. And he consumes the basket containing chosen fruits that is designated and leaves over the Terumah/heave-offering.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Introduction
In yesterday’s mishnah we learned that according to Rabbi Judah, a person may make make two separate eruvin for the two days of Rosh Hashanah because they are distinct entities. In today’s mishnah we learn other halakhot concerning the two days of Rosh Hashanah, which Rabbi Judah considers to be two distinct days.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
ולא הודו לו חכמים – this is Rabbi Yossi as we stated (see previous Mishnah), who holds that it they are one holiness, and we don’t collect Terumah/heave-offering on them And especially with the two holy days of Rosh Hashanah as we have explained above.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Rabbi Judah further said: a man may stipulate concerning a basket [of produce] on the first festival day [of Rosh Hashanah] and may then eat it on the second day, On the first day of Rosh Hashanah a person finds himself with a basket of produce from which terumah and tithes have not been separated. It is forbidden to eat the produce without separating the tithes and terumah but on Rosh Hashanah it is forbidden to separate them. Rabbi Judah offers a halakhic solution to this problem, one that would at least allow him to eat the produce on the second day. On the first day, he takes out the tithes and terumah and declares, “If today is not Rosh Hashanah and tomorrow is, then behold I am separating terumah and tithes for this produce. But if today is Rosh Hashanah, then my declaring these to be tithes and terumah is invalid.” On that day he cannot eat them, lest that day actually be Rosh Hashanah, in which case his declaration was invalid. The next day he again picks up the tithes and terumah and declares, “If today is Rosh Hashanah and yesterday was not, then behold I already separated them yesterday. And if today is not Rosh Hashanah and yesterday was, then behold I am now separating the tithes and terumah.” He may now eat the produce since he either separated yesterday (if yesterday was not Rosh Hashanah) or today (if today was not Rosh Hashanah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
ביצה שנולדה בראשון – of Rosh Hashanah (see the first Mishnah of the Tractate Betzah).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
And so also if an egg was laid on the first [festival] day it may be eaten on the second. One cannot eat an egg laid on a festival because it was not available to be eaten when the festival began. However, Rabbi Judah says that on the second day of Rosh Hashanah one could eat an egg laid on the first day. If the first day was really Rosh Hashanah, then he can eat it on the second day because Rosh Hashanah is over. If the second day is Rosh Hashanah then he can eat it then because it was laid before Rosh Hashanah began.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
תאכל בשני – for if the first [day] is holy, the second is a weekday, and the egg that was born on Yom Tov is permitted on a weekday, for there is no preparation for a weekday. But if the first [day] is a weekday and the second is a holy day, it is found that that thee weekday prepares for the Holy day, and that is all right.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
But the sages did not agree with him. Again the other rabbis disagree with Rabbi Judah and claim that the two days are not distinct, one being the actual Rosh Hashanah and the other not being Rosh Hashanah at all, but rather are to be treated as one long day. Therefore, things cannot be permitted on the second day if they were prohibited on the first.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
ולא הודו לו חכמים – on the two days of Rosh Hashanah alone, for they are one holiness. But on the rest of the Holy Days of the Diaspora, they (i.e., the Sages) agree with him.
