Cuando el "esófago" había sido debidamente cortado, pero la tráquea estaba arrancada, o al revés; o que cortó uno de los tubos y luego esperó hasta que el animal murió; o, que cubrió u escondió el cuchillo colocándolo debajo del segundo tubo, y lo cortó; según R. Jishbab, debe considerarse como Nebelah [es decir, como un animal que murió por sí mismo], pero, según R. Akivah, como Terefá [es decir, un animal desgarrado por bestias salvajes]. R. Jishbab dio la siguiente regla de la autoridad de R. Joshua: "Todo animal que, debido a un defecto en el sacrificio, se haya convertido en Pasool [o no apto para su uso], debe considerarse como Nebelah; pero cuando el sacrificio se realizó debidamente , y se convirtió en Pasool por otra causa, debe ser considerado como Terefá ". Entonces R. Akivah le dio su consentimiento [R. Jishbab].
Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
ופסק את הגרגרת – that is עיקור–tearing loose the windpipe before cutting; and we are referring to cattle.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
Introduction
In our mishnah Rabbi Akiva and Rabbi Yeshevav argue about whether an animal that has been improperly slaughtered is a “nevelah” or a “terefah” two terms that I explained in the introduction to Hullin. While neither animal can be eaten, the nevelah causes impurity while the terefah doesn’t. Thus there is some practical difference between the two. Today, since neither animal can be eaten, it doesn’t really matter whether an animal is a nevelah or a terefah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
תחת השני – under the second organ. When he inserted the knife between the organ and the neck.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
If one first sliced the esophagus and then cut away the windpipe, or first cut away the windpipe and then sliced the esophagus; or if he sliced one of these organs and paused until the animal died; or if he thrust the knife underneath the second organ and cut it: [In all these cases] Rabbi Yeshevav says: the animal is nevelah; Rabbi Akiva says: it is terefah. “Slicing” is how I have translated “shachat” which means to validly slaughter. “Cut away” is my translation of the verb “pasak” and it is an invalid method of slaughter. So if one properly slices one of the two organs and then improperly slices the other one, or if he slices one of the organs and then doesn’t slice the other one and the animal dies, or if instead of slicing the organ he thrusts the knife under the organ and slices up (this is called haladah, burrowing), the animal cannot be eaten. The rabbis argue as to the status of the animal. According to Rabbi Yeshevav the animal is a nevelah. As we in section two, Rabbi Yeshevav says that whenever an animal cannot be eaten because it was slaughtered improperly, the animal has the status of nevelah. Rabbi Akiva says that it is a terefah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
החליד – he covered, which is the language of חלדה– passing the knife under cover (Hullin 27a); like a weasel–mole who lives in the foundations of the house in a concealed location].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
Rabbi Yeshevav stated this general rule in the name of Rabbi Joshua: whenever an animal is rendered invalid by a fault in the slaughtering it is nevelah; whenever an animal has been duly slaughtered but is rendered invalid by some other defect it is terefah. And Rabbi Akiba [ultimately] agreed with him. Rabbi Yeshevav provides a general rule for determining what is a nevelah and what is a terefah. We have already explained nevelah above. A terefah is an animal that was slaughtered correctly but couldn’t be eaten because there was some other previously existing problem with it. We shall learn what causes an animal to be a terefah in chapter three. Ultimately, Rabbi Akiva agrees with Rabbi Yeshevav. My definitions of nevelah and terefah in the introduction to Hullin reflect this mishnah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
ופסקו – from below to above
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
נבלה – and which defiles through carrying it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
טריפה – which does not defile
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
ודבר אחר גרם לה להפסל – such as one of the animals torn by a beast of prey (or an animal afflicted with a fatal organic disease) which is taught in the [Mishnah of chapter 3} “Which are those who are considered torn?”
