Beth Shammai dice: Las especias pueden machacarse (en yom tov) con una mano de mortero de madera, [pero no con una de piedra. Con este mortero de madera, sin embargo, se pueden golpear de la manera normal, sin ninguna variación; porque su sabor se disipa si se machaca el día anterior.], y sal (puede triturarse) con una [jarra de barro] o con un cucharón de madera. [Para (la trituración de) la sal requiere una variación (shinui), ya que debería haber sido triturada el día anterior, su sabor no se pierde.] Y Beth Hillel dice: Las especias pueden machacarse de la manera normal, con una piedra maja, y sal, con una de madera. [La halajá es aquella que desea triturar la sal en yom tov voltea la mano del mortero y la machaca con un shinui, y las especias pueden machacarse de la manera normal sin un shinui.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
במדוך של עץ – but not in one (i.e., a pestle) made of stone. But however, with a wooden pestle, they are crushed in their manner and there is no need for a change, since they lose their taste if they are crushed from the day before.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Introduction
This mishnah deals with grinding spices on Yom Tov. Everyone agrees that they can be ground. The debate is over whether they can be done in the normal way or they must be done differently somehow.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
והמלח בפך – [a cruse] of earthenware he crushes it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Bet Shammai says: spices may be crushed with a wooden pestle and salt in a small cruse or with a wooden ladle. According to Bet Shammai when one crushes spices on Yom Tov they have to be crushed differently. Normally spices are crushed with a stone pestle on Yom Tov they need to use a wooden pestle. When crushing salt he shouldn’t use a pestle at all, rather he should use a small earthenware cruse and a wooden soup ladle.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
או בעץ פרור – it is the spoon that one stirs the pot with, for the salt requires a change, for he had to crush it from the day before so that it doesn’t lose its taste. And the Halakha is that one who comes to crush salt on the Festival Day, turns the mortar on its side and crushes in a changed manner. But the spices are crushed in the regular manner and they do not require a change.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
But Bet Hillel says: spices may be crushed in the usual way with a stone pestle and salt with a wooden pestle. Bet Hillel holds that since it is permitted to crush spices and grind salt on Yom Tov, it is also permissible to crush them in a normal fashion spices with a stone pestle and salt with a wooden pestle.
